Effects of Serratia marcescens on Rearing of the Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Sikorowski, P. P.; Lawrence, Andrew D.; Inglis, G. Douglas

doi:10.1093/ae/47.1.51

Cited by 53 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Of the three entomopathogens tested, only S. marcescens can proliferate saprotrophically. Similarly to the Þndings of the current study, a number of researchers have observed a poor doseÐresponse for S. marcescens (e.g., Steinhaus 1959, Sikorowski et al 2001. We starved larvae after ingestion of the bacterium in an attempt to permit the elimination of unbound pathogens from the digestive system.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 55%

“…A number of entomopathogens cause chronic infections in reared insects, and sublethal infections by cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV), Serratia marcescens Bizio, and Nosema heliothidis Lutz and Splendor have been shown to seriously compromise the quality of reared insects (Lipa 1968, Simmons and Sikorowski 1973, Gaugler and Brooks 1975, Sikorowski and Lawrence 1998, Becnel and Andreadis 1999, Sikorowski et al 2001. Mammals used for scientiÞc purposes are certiÞed as speciÞc pathogen-free (SPF), yet similar standards are not currently used for insects despite the debilitating effects of entomopathogens on insectaryreared insects.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Use of Meconia to Nondestructively Detect Sublethal Infections in Heliothines (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Inglis

Lawrence

Sikorowski

2003

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The utility of using meconia to nondestructively detect entomopathogens of lepidopterous heliothines was examined. Early-instar tobacco budworm [Heliothis virescens (F.)] or cotton bollworm [Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)] larvae were inoculated with cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (CPV), Serratia marcescens Bizio, or Nosema heliothidis Lutz and Splendor, and the presence of each of the entomopathogens in adults and the meconia discharged during adult eclosion was determined. As the dose of CPV occlusion bodies and N. heliothidis spores but not S. marcescens cells ingested by larvae increased, a greater number of both adults and meconia were infested with the entomopathogens. For all three entomopathogens, no difference was observed between males and females for any of the parameters tested. The accuracy of the meconium method for predicting the presence of the entomopathogens in the adults (i.e., number of individuals in which meconia and adults were both positive, or meconia and adults were both negative) was > or = 92% for CPV, and > or = 79% for S. marcescens and N. heliothidis. Very few false negative predictions (i.e., the meconium was negative but the adult was positive) were observed for CPV (< or = 1%). The prevalence of false negative predictions ranged from 2 to 9%, and 5 to 21% for S. marcescens and N. heliothidis, respectively. The prevalence of false positive predictions (i.e., the meconium was positive but the adult was negative) was < or = 7% for CPV, < or = 13% for S. marcescens, and 0% for N. heliothidis. The results of this study demonstrate that although not absolute, the meconium method will be an efficacious method to detect nondestructively entomopathogens causing sublethal infections in heliothines, and possibly other insects, and thereby facilitate the rearing of specific pathogen free insects.

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confidence: 55%

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The Use of Meconia to Nondestructively Detect Sublethal Infections in Heliothines (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Inglis

Lawrence

Sikorowski

2003

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“…Also, entomopathogenic strains of S. entomophila have been used to control various insect genera including Anomala, Costelytra, and Phyllophaga (Nunez-Valdez et al, 2008). In addition, strains of S. entomophila and S. proteamaculans were shown to kill grass grub, C. zealandica (Jackson et al, 1993(Jackson et al, , 2001Sikorowski et al, 2001;Nunez-Valdez et al, 2008). Furthermore, Serratia marcescens which produces chitinase, has been used to control plant diseases (Ordentlich et al, 1998;Someya et al, 2005).…”

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Evaluation of insecticidal activity of a bacterial strain, Serratia sp. EML-SE1 against diamondback moth

Jeong

Mun

et al. 2010

J Microbiol.

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To identify novel bioinsecticidal agents, a bacterial strain, Serratia sp. EML-SE1, was isolated from a dead larva of the lepidopteran diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) collected from a cabbage field in Korea. In this study, the insecticidal activity of liquid cultures in Luria-Bertani broth (LBB) and nutrient broth (NB) of a bacterial strain, Serratia sp. EML-SE1 against thirty 3rd and 4th instar larvae of the diamondback moth was investigated on a Chinese cabbage leaf housed in a round plastic cage (Ø 10 x 6 cm). 72 h after spraying the cabbage leaf with LBB and NB cultures containing the bacterial strain, the mortalities of the larvae were determined to be 91.7% and 88.3%, respectively. In addition, the insecticidal activity on potted cabbage containing 14 leaves in a growth cage (165 x 83 x 124 cm) was found to be similar to that of the plastic cage experiment. The results of this study provided valuable information on the insecticidal activity of the liquid culture of a Serratia species against the diamondback moth.

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“…A commonly held axiom is that the S. marcescens is either associated with the insect (e.g., within the alimentary canal as a saprotrophic contaminant) or it causes chronic or sublethal infections that escape detection until some factor(s) predisposes the insect population, which results in an epizootic thereby threatening the colony. Little research has focused on the importance of sublethal inoculations with S. marcescens on insects, but Sikorowski et al (2001) demonstrated reduced longevity of H. virescens adults inoculated with S. marcescens as larvae. However, they did not measure effects of the bacterium on the F 1 generation, although S. marcescens is vertically transmitted (i.e., from parents to offspring) on/in eggs (Sikorowski and Lawrence 1998).…”

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Effects of Serratia marcescens on the F1 Generation of Laboratory-Reared Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Inglis

Lawrence

2001

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The effects of the bacterium Serratia marcescens (Bizio) was investigated on the F1 generation of laboratory-reared Heliothis virescens (F.). There was no difference in adult male or female longevity (i.e., parental generation) for individuals inoculated with S. marcescens as larvae (Serratia treatment) and those that were free of the bacterium (control treatment). However, the number of eggs laid and the prevalence of eclosion of eggs from Serratia treatment adults were reduced relative to control treatment adults. A very low number of F1 Serratia treatment eggs exhibited signs of infection, but a higher prevalence of mortality was observed for F1 larvae (n = 2,888) for the Serratia (3.5-4.6%) than for the control (1.1-1.5%) treatment. No S. marcescens was isolated from dead control larvae; whereas, 48 -54% of dead F1 larvae for the Serratia treatment were positive for the bacterium. However, there was no significant difference in larval weights between treatments. There were also no differences in either mortality or weight of F1 male pupae between treatments, but F1 female pupae were significantly smaller and prevalence of mortality was higher for the Serratia treatment. Serratia marcescens was not isolated from any of the control F1 pupae, but 6% of pupal cadavers for the Serratia treatment were positive for the bacterium. No S. marcescens was recovered from the meconia of any of the F1 adults (n = 2,600) regardless of treatment, and there were no differences in adult weights between treatments. Although sublethal effects of S. marcescens were detected, the impact and prevalence of the bacterium were tremendously reduced over the F1 generation in the absence of all but the most basic management strategies.

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Effects of Serratia marcescens on Rearing of the Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Cited by 53 publications

References 0 publications

The Use of Meconia to Nondestructively Detect Sublethal Infections in Heliothines (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

The Use of Meconia to Nondestructively Detect Sublethal Infections in Heliothines (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Evaluation of insecticidal activity of a bacterial strain, Serratia sp. EML-SE1 against diamondback moth

Effects of <B> <I>Serratia marcescens</I> </B> on the F<SUB>1</SUB> Generation of Laboratory-Reared <B> <I>Heliothis virescens</I> </B> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

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