Effects of Serum Deprivation on Expression of Proteolytic-Related Genes in Chick Myotube Cultures

AMPK Activation Stimulates Myofibrillar Protein Degradation and Expression of Atrophy-Related Ubiquitin Ligases by Increasing FOXO Transcription Factors in C2C12 Myotubes

“…34) An association between AICAR-induced reduction in protein synthesis and repression of mTOR-related signaling has been demonstrated, 6,35) but, the effect of AMPK activation on myofibrillar protein degradation has yet to be elucidated at the molecular level. In muscle cell cultures, the amount of N -methylhistidine released into the medium, as an index of myofibrillar protein degradation, was increased by serum deprivation 36) and glucocorticoid treatment. 37) In this study, AICAR induced the release of N -methylhistidine into the medium from C2C12 myotubes (Fig.…”

Aspergillus awamoriFeeding Modifies Lipid Metabolism in Rats

“…The ratio of A 260 / A 280 for all samples was between 1.8 and 2.0. cDNA was synthesised at 400 ng RNA per 10  μ L of reaction solution with the PrimeScript RT reagent Kit (Perfect Real Time, Takara, Shiga, Japan) by the program temperature control system PC320 (Astec, Fukuoka, Japan), which was set at reverse transcription at 37°C for 15 min, inactivation of reverse transcriptase at 85°C for 5 s, and cooling at 4°C for 5 min. Real-time PCR primers were prepared according to the method of Nakashima [10]. Gene expression was measured by real-time PCR using the 7300 Real Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA USA) with SYBR Premix Ex Taq (Perfect Real-Time, TaKaRa).…”

Effects of Feeding Hexane-Extracts of a Shochu Distillery By-Product on Skeletal Muscle Protein Degradation in Broiler Chicken

“…Real-time PCR primers were prepared as previously described. 7,8) Gene expression was measured by real-time PCR using the 7300 Real Time PCR system (Applied Biosystems, Foster, USA) with SYBR Ò Premix Ex TaqÔ (Perfect Real Time, Takara, Shiga, Japan). The thermal cycle was as follows: 1 cycle at 95 C for 10 s, and 60 cycles at 95 C for 5 s and 60 C for 31 s. Expression of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) mRNA was used as an internal standard and was not significantly different among the two experimental groups.…”