Effects of severe depression on TOMM performance among disability-seeking outpatients

Yanez, Y. Tami; Fremouw, William J.; Tennant, Jennifer; Strunk, Julia; Coker, Kayla

doi:10.1016/j.acn.2005.07.009

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The TOMM allows scoring for both below-chance performance and norm-referenced criteria. TOMM performance is not significantly affected by anxiety (Ashendorf et al 2004;O'Bryant et al 2007), depression (Ashendorf et al 2004;Iverson et al 2007;Rees et al 2001;Rohling et al 2002;Yanez et al 2006), psychosis (Duncan 2005), and pain (Etherton et al 2005;Iverson et al 2007), but it is affected by dementia (Teichner and Wagner 2004) and perhaps mild retardation (Hurley and Deal 2006; but see Simon 2007). There is no means to distinguish feigning from true cognitive impairment from TOMM test data alone.…”

Section: Cognitive Symptom Validity Testsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Assessing Response Style and Malingering

Rubenzer¹

2009

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may form the basis for disability or worker's compensation claims or a personal injury lawsuit. While now achieving widespread acceptance among treating professionals and the public, PTSD is the subject of several controversies and the possibility of faking in a compensation context. There appears to be a dramatic split among mental health professionals who write primarily from a treatment or plaintiff perspective and those who take a more skeptical approach. This article reviews recent developments in the assessment of malingering, including symptom validity measures, and applies them to the assessment of PTSD. Recommendations for current practice are provided.

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Section: Cognitive Symptom Validity Testsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Assessing Response Style and Malingering

Rubenzer¹

2009

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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“…Previous studies (see Rees et al 1998) have found the TOMM to exhibit excellent sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing various neurocognitively impaired groups from individuals instructed to feign neurocognitive deficits. Moreover, previous studies have also found that the TOMM is not significantly affected by depression (Ashendorf et al 2004;Rees et al 2001;Yanez et al 2006) or laboratoryinduced pain (Etherton et al 2005).…”

Section: Symptom Validity Tests/measuresmentioning

confidence: 92%

Association of the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) Validity Scales with Structured Malingering Criteria

Wygant

Anderson

Sellbom

et al. 2011

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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The current study examined the validity scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath and Tellegen 2008) in relation to the structured malingering criteria developed to assess malingered neurocognitive dysfunction and painrelated disability. These criteria examined a sample of 251 individuals undergoing compensation-seeking evaluations, who completed a battery of response bias measures. The MMPI-2-RF over-reporting scales yielded large effect sizes in contrasting those in the probable/definite malingering groups from the incentive only groups. The largest effects were found for the Infrequent Responses and Gervais et al. (Assessment, 14, 196-208, 2007) Response Bias Scale, an experimental scale that can be scored on the MMPI-2-RF. Classification analyses were also utilized to examine various cut scores for the individual validity scales, as well as their use in combination. These results suggest that the MMPI-2-RF validity scales can be used to screen for malingering, as they exhibited good sensitivity at lower cutoffs. The implications of these results and their use in forensic evaluations are discussed.

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“…Specifically, Drane et al found that NES patients had problematic cognitive effort as measured by the Word Memory Test (WMT; Green, Allen, & Aster, 1996). However, research on the relationship between depression and cognitive effort (Ashendorf, Constantinou & McCaffery, 2004;Yanez, Fremouw, Tennant, Strunk, & Coker, 2006) has found little relationship between depression/anxiety measures and effort. Another PAI-based study (Wagner et al, 2005) found that both NES and ES patients had significantly elevated SOM scales, but the groups did not differ from each other significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Relationship between suboptimal cognitive effort and the clinical scales of the Personality Assessment Inventory

Whiteside¹,

Clinton²,

Diamonti³

et al. 2010

The Clinical Neuropsychologist

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Little research has examined the relationship between the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and cognitive effort. The current study extends the research on personality assessment and suboptimal cognitive effort by evaluating the relationship between the PAI clinical scales and the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) in a neuropsychological population. Utilizing corrections for multiple comparisons, rank-order correlations with the TOMM Trial 2 (T2) and the PAI clinical scales indicated a significant relationship with the SOM (rho = -.26, p <.001), with additional scales (SCZ, ANX, and DEP) trending toward significance. Analysis of SOM subscales indicated a significant relationship between SOM-C and T2 as well. To further explore the relationship between SOM and the TOMM, ANOVA results indicated that individuals scoring within normal limits on the SOM had higher mean TOMM scores than those with extremely elevated SOM. Additional analyses indicated that utilizing the cut-off for extreme responding on the SOM scale (T > 87) had adequate sensitivity (93%) and specificity (76%) in predicting TOMM performance, with a positive predictive power of 54% and a negative predictive power of 97%, resulting in a 91% correct classification rate. Thus, the evidence suggests that extreme scores on SOM should prompt careful evaluation for suboptimal cognitive effort.

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Effects of severe depression on TOMM performance among disability-seeking outpatients

Cited by 45 publications

References 11 publications

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Assessing Response Style and Malingering

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Assessing Response Style and Malingering

Association of the MMPI-2 Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) Validity Scales with Structured Malingering Criteria

Relationship between suboptimal cognitive effort and the clinical scales of the Personality Assessment Inventory

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