Effects of short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) and rearing temperature on growth performance and hepatic intermediary metabolism in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles

Abstract

The effect of dietary short-chain fructooligosaccharides (scFOS) incorporation on growth, feed utilization, body composition, plasmatic metabolites and liver activity of key enzymes of lipogenic and amino acid catabolic pathways was evaluated in gilthead sea bream reared at 18 and 25 °C. Four practical diets containing plant ingredients and fish meal (50:50) as protein sources and supplemented with 0, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 % scFOS were fed to triplicate groups of fish for 8 weeks. Growth performance, feed efficiency and nitrogen retention were higher at 25 °C. In fish reared at 18 °C, there was a positive correlation between dietary scFOS concentration and growth. At 18 °C, liver glycogen was higher in fish fed the control diet, while at 25 °C it was higher in fish fed the 0.5 % scFOS diet. Plasma cholesterol LDL was lower in fish fed 0.25 % scFOS diet, and in fish reared at 18 °C plasma glucose was higher in fish fed the 0.1 % scFOS diet. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, fatty acid synthetase and aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) activities were higher in fish reared at 18 °C, whereas alanine aminotransferase activity was higher in fish reared at 25 °C. scFOS affected ASAT activity, which was lower in fish fed 0.25 % scFOS diet. Although, scFOS seemed to have no major effects on gilthead sea bream metabolism, the positive correlation between dietary prebiotic incorporation and growth at 18 °C indicates a beneficial effect of scFOS in fish reared at low temperatures.

Growth Performance, Lipid Deposition and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Related Gene Expression in Schizothorax prenanti fed with Dietary Acidolysis-Oxidized Konjac Glucomannan Supplementation

“…Moreover, 0.5% scFOS diet increased plasmatic total lipid content of gilthead sea bream [62]. The similar changes in the lipid content were observed in present study, and the alteration of lipogenic genes expression and enzymes activities is responsible for the increased lipid content in serum and liver.…”

Prebiotics as functional ingredients: focus on Mediterranean fish aquaculture

“…2014a; Guerreiro et al . ,c,d, ), or even a tendency for decreased growth in fish fed high prebiotic levels (Hoseinifar et al . 2011b).…”

“…Similar results were obtained with 1% scFOS in FM‐ or PF‐based diets in European sea bass of similar size (60 g) and in gilthead sea bream (32 g) fed PF‐based diets supplemented with 0.1%, 0.25% or 0.5% scFOS (Guerreiro et al . ,d). Additionally, rearing temperature (18 or 25°C) did not influence prebiotic effects on growth and feed efficiency in gilthead sea bream (Guerreiro et al .…”

“…Additionally, rearing temperature (18 or 25°C) did not influence prebiotic effects on growth and feed efficiency in gilthead sea bream (Guerreiro et al . 2015c). XOS at 1% improved growth of European sea bass (60 g) in fish fed PF‐based diets but not in fish fed FM‐based diets (Guerreiro et al .…”

“…2011b, 2015b; Guerreiro et al . ,c,d, ) (Table ). As in mammals, feeding prebiotics to European sea bass led to a decrease in the activity of key enzymes of lipogenesis, namely malic enzyme (ME) and glucose 6‐phosphate dehydrogenase activities (G6PD) in fish fed with MOS, and of ME, G6PD and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) in fish fed with XOS (Torrecillas et al .…”