Effects of short‐lasting supramaximal‐intensity exercise on diet‐induced increase in oxygen uptake

Abstract

This study was undertaken to quantify the additional increase in diet‐induced oxygen uptake after exhaustive high‐intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE), consisting of 6–7 bouts of 20‐sec bicycle exercise (intensity: 170% V˙normalO2max) with a 10‐sec rest between bouts. Using a metabolic chamber, the oxygen uptake of ten men was measured from 10:30 am to 07:00 am the next day on two separate days with or without HIIE, with lunch (12:00) and supper (18:00) (Diet experiment). On two other days, the oxygen uptake of six different subjects was measured from 10:30 to 16:00 with or without HIIE, but without meals (Fasting experiment). Ten minutes of exercise at 50% V˙normalO2maxpreceded the HIIE in both experiments; EPOC (excess postexercise oxygen consumption) after HIIE was found to wear off before 12:00 in both experiments. In the Diet experiment, oxygen uptake during HIIE and EPOC were 123.4 ± 12.0 and 115.3 ± 32.3 mL·kg−1, respectively. Meals elevated resting oxygen uptake on both days, but those on the HIIE day were significantly higher than on the control day. This enhanced diet‐induced oxygen uptake (difference in resting oxygen uptake from 12:00–23:00 between HIIE and control day: ΔDIT) was 146.1 ± 90.9 mL·kg−1, comparable to the oxygen uptake during the HIIE and EPOC. The ΔDIT was correlated with subjects’ V˙normalO2max(52.1 ± 6.6 mL·kg−1·min−1) (r = 0.76, n = 10, P < 0.05). We concluded that HIIE enhances diet‐induced oxygen uptake significantly, and that it is related to the cardiorespiratory fitness.

Effects of moderate-intensity exercise on diet-induced increase in resting oxygen uptake

“…However, no research has reported the effects of MIE on a diet-induced increase in resting oxygen uptake using the same metabolic chamber as our recent investigation 13) , which detected a small but significant ΔDIIROU of lunch and dinner after HIIE. The results of that study 13) demonstrated that for subjects weighing 64.4 ± 6.0 kg, the energy consumption during a 10-min warm-up exercise, HIIE, and EPOC during the first 1.5 hrs, and the ΔDIIROU after HIIE were 74.3 ± 5.2, 39.8 ± 6.3, 37.5 ± 12.7, and 47.8 ± 32.0 kcal, respectively. The ΔDIIROU was comparable to the energy consumption during the HIIE and the EPOC during the first 1.5 hrs after the HIIE, suggesting that the ΔDIIROU after HIIE may be an important factor for energy consumption related to exercise.…”

“…The subject continued to wear the mask after he entered the chamber. The door to the chamber was closed, and the subject himself connected his mask to a hose; the end of the hose was connected to a three-way cock located outside the chamber 13) .…”

“…By using a metabolic chamber, we recently demonstrated that subjects' energy consumption, induced by a diet after high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) at supramaximal intensity (the oxygen demand of which was equivalent to 170% V ・ O2max), was higher than that induced solely by the same diet, suggesting that such HIIE enhances the DIIROU 13) . Since the best approach to measure long-term energy expenditure -especially to detect small changes in oxygen uptake from a baseline -is indirect calorimetry in a respiratory chamber (which has demonstrated a relatively small increase in a diet-induced increase in oxygen uptake), we expected that this method and the protocol that we used in our previous study 13) could be used to detect potential differences in the DIIROU (ΔDIIROU) that may exist in long-term oxygen uptake between MIE and a no-exercise condition. However, no research has reported the effects of MIE on a diet-induced increase in resting oxygen uptake using the same metabolic chamber as our recent investigation 13) , which detected a small but significant ΔDIIROU of lunch and dinner after HIIE.…”

“…Since the best approach to measure long-term energy expenditure -especially to detect small changes in oxygen uptake from a baseline -is indirect calorimetry in a respiratory chamber (which has demonstrated a relatively small increase in a diet-induced increase in oxygen uptake), we expected that this method and the protocol that we used in our previous study 13) could be used to detect potential differences in the DIIROU (ΔDIIROU) that may exist in long-term oxygen uptake between MIE and a no-exercise condition. However, no research has reported the effects of MIE on a diet-induced increase in resting oxygen uptake using the same metabolic chamber as our recent investigation 13) , which detected a small but significant ΔDIIROU of lunch and dinner after HIIE. The results of that study 13) demonstrated that for subjects weighing 64.4 ± 6.0 kg, the energy consumption during a 10-min warm-up exercise, HIIE, and EPOC during the first 1.5 hrs, and the ΔDIIROU after HIIE were 74.3 ± 5.2, 39.8 ± 6.3, 37.5 ± 12.7, and 47.8 ± 32.0 kcal, respectively.…”

Mechanistic and methodological perspectives on the impact of intense interval training on post‐exercise metabolism

“…As with HIIT, there is strong evidence supporting the ability of SIT to elevate V O 2 above control levels post-exercise. Studies examining EPOC following SIT compared to no exercise or MICT with various protocols over several time frames are outlined in Tables 1 and 3 and demonstrate a consistent presence of EPOC in the recovery period compared to baseline levels 25,[33][34][35][36] or a no-exercise control day, 24,32,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] with one exception. 46 Average total EPOC magnitude equates to ~6.8, ~1.7, and 2.6 L/h from 0.5-3 hours, 9 hours, and 24 hours post-SIT, respectively (Table 3).…”