Effects of short-term swimming exercise on bone mineral density, geometry, and microstructural properties in sham and ovariectomized rats

Ooi, Foong Kiew; Norsyam, Wan Mohd; Ghosh, Asok; Sulaiman, Siti Amrah; Chen, Chee Keong; Hung, L.K.

doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2014.09.001

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The histopathological studies of femoral bones of SWIM group revealed thickening of the bone trabeculae with decrease in the marrow area between them in comparison to CONT group, which are consistent with some studies [15,59] but disagree with another study that revealed higher bone loss in young female rats exposed to intensive swimming exercises [13] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…Additionally, the study by Hart et al, demonstrated that 12-week swimming exercise had a significant effect on bones of ovariectomized rats that was confirmed by a greater bone mineral density and higher mechanical properties in trained compared with control rats [16] . Moreover, the study by Ooi et al, showed a significantly higher total bone mineral density and improved bone microstructure in ovariectomized-swimming group when compared to the ovariectomized-control group [15] . In contrast, other studies did not find good correlation between swimming exercise and bone mineral density in ovariectomized rats [70,71] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The mechanisms of the anabolic effects exerted by physical exercise on bone are not clear yet, however, they were assumed to be exerted either via direct muscle force-generated mechanical signals or via indirect endocrine regulation [12] . Contradictory reports were found about the beneficial effects of swimming exercise on the bones where some studies disapproved its ability to prevent bone loss alone [13,14] ; while, other studies confirmed its beneficial effects in ovariectomized rats [15,16] . Few studies investigated the role of irisin in bone metabolism and its relationship to bone changes that accompany osteoporosis, but the results are not established yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Swimming on Serum Irisin Levels in Experimentally-Induced Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

El-Ghannam

Habib

2019

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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Background: Irisin is a new myokine that has been linked to many metabolic diseases. Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a metabolic disease manifested by decreased bone mineral density; and physical exercise may play a role in its prevention and treatment. The relationship between irisin and physical exercise, and the role of irisin in osteoporosis are not clear yet. Aim of Study: The present study was performed to clarify the effect of swimming training on serum irisin levels in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis induced in female albino rats. Material and Methods: Forty eight adult female rats were divided into 4 equal groups: Control (CONT), swimming (SWIM), ovariectomized (OVX), and ovariectomized plus swimming (OVX + SWIM). Serum levels of irisin, estradiol, calcium, phosphorus alkaline phosphatase, and bone calcium, phosphorus, and femoral ash weights were measured and histopathological examination of femoral bones were performed in all groups. Results: Serum irisin levels were significantly increased in SWIM group compared with CONT group, and decreased in OVX group compared with CONT and SWIM groups. In OVX + SWIM group, they were significantly increased compared with those of CONT and OVX groups; but, insignificantly changed compared with SWIM group. Positive correlations were found between serum irisin and serum levels of estradiol, bone calcium and phosphorus, femoral bone ash weights in all groups; and with serum alkaline phosphatase in SWIM and OVX + SWIM groups. Conclusion: Swimming training increased serum irisin levels in ovariectomized rats and guarded against the occurrence of osteoporotic changes. So, the beneficial effects of swimming training on bone may be mediated by irisin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Swimming on Serum Irisin Levels in Experimentally-Induced Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

El-Ghannam

Habib

2019

The Medical Journal of Cairo University

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“…The selection of glucocorticoid dose was based on previous published reports, related to experimental model of osteoporosis (19,20). Swimming exercises were performed by rats according Ooi et al (21) method. We chose rats because they are excellent animal models for studying bone health due to the similarity in terms of morphometry and structure with human bone (21).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Swimming exercises were performed by rats according Ooi et al (21) method. We chose rats because they are excellent animal models for studying bone health due to the similarity in terms of morphometry and structure with human bone (21).…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate Physical Activity Improves Rat Bone Ultrastructure in Experimental Osteoporosis

et al. 2016

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Context and objective. In this study, we aimed to investigate how moderate physical activity improves the bone ultrastructural parameters in rats with glucocorticoidinduced secondary osteoporosis. Animals and Methods. Research has been carried out on Wistar female rats. Secondary osteoporosis was induced through daily i.m.1.5 mg/kgbw methylprednisolone, over a period of 30 days. A group of rats with induced secondary osteoporosis were subjected to physical activity (swimming) for one hour/day for 30 days. Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after the last administration and femoral bones were used for electron microscopy analysis. Results. The ultrastructural findings obtained from the rats with osteoporosis showed varying degrees of alteration in all cellular components. A moderate physical effort led to the overall maintenance of the normal ultrastructure of the cells and connective components, protecting the lamellar structure of the compact bone from the deleterious effects of glucocorticoid. The shape and components of osteocytes were also preserved and the accumulation of lipids in the bone marrow diminished. Conclusions. Physical exercise has been shown to have a protective role by lowering the development of structural alterations specific to osteoporosis. Therefore, moderate physical exercises are recommended for improving the structure of the bone mass affected by glucocorticoid treatment.

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Does Swimming Exercise Impair Bone Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing the Evidence in Humans and Rodent Models

Freitas,

Bezerra,

Boppre

et al. 2024

Sports Med

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Effects of short-term swimming exercise on bone mineral density, geometry, and microstructural properties in sham and ovariectomized rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 48 publications

Effect of Swimming on Serum Irisin Levels in Experimentally-Induced Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Effect of Swimming on Serum Irisin Levels in Experimentally-Induced Rat Model of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Moderate Physical Activity Improves Rat Bone Ultrastructure in Experimental Osteoporosis

Does Swimming Exercise Impair Bone Health? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Comparing the Evidence in Humans and Rodent Models

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