Effects of Short-Term Unilateral Strength Training on Measures of Postural Control When Wearing “Operationally Relevant” Backpack Loads

Krajewski, Kellen T.; Bansbach, Heather M.; McLean, Lucy; Mckenzie, Clive; Rawcliffe, Alex J; Graham, Scott M.; Flanagan, Shawn D.; Pourmoghaddam, Amir; Dettmer, Marius; Connaboy, Chris

doi:10.1519/jsc.0000000000003794

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Therefore, the overall quality was moderate. The majority of the studies were rated as moderate (n = 9 studies [ 24 , 27 , 29 – 32 , 40 , 42 , 43 ]), and 5 studies were rated as good [ 25 , 26 , 28 , 41 , 44 ]. 13 studies had allocated the participants in a random manner.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total number of subjects was 392 ( Table 4 ) and the participants’ age ranged from 16 to 26 years. Nine studies solely included males [ 24 – 26 , 28 , 32 , 40 – 42 , 44 ]. Three studies included both males and females [ 27 , 31 , 43 ], and 2 studies included females only [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All male athletes [ 24 – 26 , 28 , 32 , 40 , 41 ] were from team sports, including soccer [ 25 , 32 , 40 , 41 ], basketball [ 24 , 26 ] and rugby [ 28 ]. Twelve studies had training frequency of twice per week [ 24 – 32 , 40 – 42 ], and two studies had performed training 3 times per week [ 43 , 44 ]. The training duration ranged from 5 to 12 weeks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The training modalities can be categorized into resistance training and jump training. Among them, 8 studies purely utilized resistance training as the intervention modality [ 24 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 41 – 44 ], 1 study purely utilized jump training [ 30 ], 5 studies combined resistance with jumping training exercises together [ 25 , 27 , 31 , 32 , 40 ]. 3 kinds of muscle actions were applied among the included studies, 11 studies used concentric overload training; 2 studies used eccentric overload training [ 41 , 42 ]; 1 study used isokinetic training [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The unilateral multi-joint resistance exercises included step up [ 26 , 31 ], Bulgarian split squat [ 24 , 25 , 28 , 31 , 32 ], single leg deadlift [ 44 ], lunge and eccentric lunge [ 31 , 41 , 42 ]. Unilateral single-joint resistance exercises included single knee extension and flexion [ 27 , 29 , 40 , 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of unilateral vs. bilateral resistance training interventions on measures of strength, jump, linear and change of direction speed: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liao¹,

Nassis²,

Bishop³

et al. 2022

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Exercises can be categorized into either unilateral or bilateral movements. Despite the topic popularity, the answer to the question as to which (unilateral or bilateral) is superior for a certain athletic performance enhancement remains unclear. To compare the effect of unilateral and bilateral resistance training interventions on measures of athletic performance. Keywords related with unilateral, bilateral and performance were used to search in the Web of Science, PubMed databases, and Google Scholar and ResearchGate™ websites. 6365 articles were initially identified, 14 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis, with overall article quality being deemed moderate . The quantitative analysis comprised 392 subjects (aged: 16 to 26 years). Sub-group analysis showed that unilateral exercise resistance training resulted in a large effect in improving unilateral jump performance compared to bilateral training (ES = 0.89 [0.52, 1.26]). In contrast, bilateral exercise resistance training showed a small effect in improving bilateral strength compared to unilateral (ES = -0.43 [-0.71, -0.14]). Non-significant differences were found in improving unilateral strength (ES = 0.26 [-0.03, 0.55]), bilateral jump performance (ES = -0.04 [-0.31, 0.23]), change of direction (COD) (ES = 0.31 [-0.01, 0.63]) and speed (ES = -0.12 [-0.46, 0.21]) performance. Unilateral resistance training exercises should be chosen for improving unilateral jumping performance, and bilateral resistance training exercises should be chosen for improving bilateral strength performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of unilateral vs. bilateral resistance training interventions on measures of strength, jump, linear and change of direction speed: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Liao¹,

Nassis²,

Bishop³

et al. 2022

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The Effect of Unilateral Versus Bilateral Strength Training on Isometric-Squat Peak Force and Interlimb Asymmetry in Young, Recreationally Strength-Trained Men

Lynch

Davies

Allardyce

et al. 2023

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

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Purpose: To compare the effects of bilateral strength training (BLST) versus unilateral strength training (ULST) on changes in peak force (PF) and interlimb asymmetry (ILA) in the isometric squat at a 120° knee angle (ISq120). Method: A total of 31 young, recreationally strength-trained men performed either BLST (n = 18) or ULST (n = 13), twice per week for 6 weeks. The total number of repetitions, duty cycle, and effort were standardized between training groups (ie, differing only in the exercises performed). Changes in PF and ILA were assessed pretraining and posttraining. Results: Comparable increases in PF were observed in the BLST group (mean [SD] change; 17.4% [20.5%], P = .001, standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.45) and the ULST group (11.4% [19.1%], P = .042, SMD = 0.25). No significant changes in symmetry index (SI) scores were observed following BLST (mean [SD] change; 0 [5.7], P = .526, SMD = −0.12) or ULST (+3 [6.0], P = .702, SMD = 0.4). Individual analyses of subjects with marked ILA (ie, baseline SI score > baseline coefficient of variation) revealed a trend toward BLST being more effective at attenuating SI scores in the ISq120. Conclusions: Overall, both BLST and ULST are effective for increasing ISq120 PF. However, it appears that BLST may be more effective at reducing SI scores in those with marked ILA.

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Nonlinear Analyses Distinguish Load Carriage Dynamics in Walking and Standing: A Systematic Review

Brink

McKenzie

Likens

2022

Journal of Applied Biomechanics

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Load carriage experiments are typically performed from a linear perspective that assumes that movement variability is equivalent to error or noise in the neuromuscular system. A complimentary, nonlinear perspective that treats variability as the object of study has generated important results in movement science outside load carriage settings. To date, no systematic review has yet been conducted to understand how load carriage dynamics change from a nonlinear perspective. The goal of this systematic review is to fill that need. Relevant literature was extracted and reviewed for general trends involving nonlinear perspectives on load carriage. Nonlinear analyses that were used in the reviewed studies included sample, multiscale, and approximate entropy; the Lyapunov exponent; fractal analysis; and relative phase. In general, nonlinear tools successfully distinguish between unloaded and loaded conditions in standing and walking, although not in a consistent manner. The Lyapunov exponent and entropy were the most used nonlinear methods. Two noteworthy findings are that entropy in quiet standing studies tends to decrease, whereas the Lyapunov exponent in walking studies tends to increase, both due to added load. Thus, nonlinear analyses reveal altered load carriage dynamics, demonstrating promise in applying a nonlinear perspective to load carriage while also underscoring the need for more research.

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Effects of Short-Term Unilateral Strength Training on Measures of Postural Control When Wearing “Operationally Relevant” Backpack Loads

Cited by 3 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of unilateral vs. bilateral resistance training interventions on measures of strength, jump, linear and change of direction speed: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Effects of unilateral vs. bilateral resistance training interventions on measures of strength, jump, linear and change of direction speed: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The Effect of Unilateral Versus Bilateral Strength Training on Isometric-Squat Peak Force and Interlimb Asymmetry in Young, Recreationally Strength-Trained Men

Nonlinear Analyses Distinguish Load Carriage Dynamics in Walking and Standing: A Systematic Review

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