“…[6][7][8]10,11 Among them, the conductive fillers are mainly divided into metal series, carbon series, and partial composite materials. At present, the commonly used conductive fillers are mostly metals with low resistivity, such as silver (Ag), 12,13 copper (Cu), 14 gold (Au), and nickel (Ni) 15 and carbon-based materials, [16][17][18][19] among which silver-based ECAs are the most widely used. However, the high price of gold and silver has greatly increased the preparation cost of pure-Au or Ag based ECAs.…”