Effects of simulated acidic rain on one species each ofpseudoparmelia, usnea, andumbilicaria

Sigal, Lorene L.; Johnston, John W.

doi:10.1007/bf00649413

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Scott, Hutchinson & Feth, 1989;Farmer, Bates & Bell, 1991), (ii) impaired physiological activity-(e.g. Sigal & Johnston, 1986;Scott & Hutchinson, 1987;Gunther, 1988;Roy-Arcand, Delisle & Briere, 1989;Hallingback & Kellner, 1992;Kytoviita & Crittenden, 1994) and (iii) reduced growth rates (e.g. Lechowicz, 1987;Scott & Hutchinson, 1990;Hallingback & Kellner, 1992).…”

Section: Introdlctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the majority of experimental studies comparatively extreme acid treatments (pH 2-3) have proved necessary in order markedly to impair rates of pbotosynthesis and growth (e.g. Hutchinson, Dixon & Scott, 1986;Sigal & Johnston, 1986;Roy-Arcand et aL, 1989;Scott et aL, 1989;Hallingback & Kellner, 1992). However, Kytoviita (1993) demonstrated tbat cation exchange during rainfall in the mat-forming species Cladonia stellaris and Stereocaulon paschale became modified in response to simulated acid rain such that displacement of divalent cations was promoted, leading during a single growing season to a larger ratio between tbe concentrations of monovalent and divalent cations in the thallus apices.…”

Section: Introdlctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cation ratios inCladonia portentosaas indices of precipitation acidity in the British Isles

Hyvärinen

Crittenden

1996

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYThe relationship between rainfall chemistry and the concentrations of potassium, calcium and magnesium in the apices (top 5 mm) of the cushion-forming lichen Cladonia portentosa (Dufour) Coem. was investigated. Lichen samples, together with underlying topsoil, were collected from heathlands m close proximity to rain gauges in the UK Acid Deposition Monitoring Network, located in rural areas of the British Isles, which provide wet deposition data based on weekly bulk samples. The ratios K'^:Mg^^ and extracellular Mg^*:intracellular Mg^"^ in the lichen apices were strongly correlated with H"^ concentration in precipitation. It is suggested that shifts in these ratios occur owing to enhanced displacement of extracellular Mg"' by elevated H" concentration in acid rain. By contrast, there was no indication of any relationship between total acid deposition and lichen chemistry. The concentration of Mg^"" in the lichen was weakly correlated with that in soil, whereas lichen Ca^' content was not correlated with either precipitation or soil chetnistry. It is concluded that these ratios describing changes in lichen Mg^"^ content provide good biomarkers for wet-deposited acidity.

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Section: Introdlctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introdlctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cation ratios inCladonia portentosaas indices of precipitation acidity in the British Isles

Hyvärinen

Crittenden

1996

New Phytologist

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“…With long-term exposure to atmospheric pollutants, including acid fogs and elevated concentrations of trace metals, epiphytic lichens may be at risk of significant decline. Epiphytic lichens are widely recognized as sensitive and practical bioindicators of air quality, and some authors have proposed them as early warning sentinels of forest decline in temperate regions , Sigal & Johnston 1986. The loss of plant species due to increase in air pollution is cause for grave concern regarding the future health of the Venezuelan coastal cloud forests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the high altitude cloud forest sites O 3 concentrations may be significant. In temperate regions, lichens are also known to be sensitive to acid precipitation (Fritz-Sheridan 1985, Gilbert 1986, Lechowicz 1982, Sigal & Johnston 1986. Precipitation and fog at these cloud forests is acidic, with fog pH as low as 3.7 (Gordon 1992, Gordon et al 1994b.…”

Section: Lichen Transplantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of a common epiphytic lichen as a bioindicator of atmospheric inputs to two Venezuelan cloud forests

1995

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The chemistry of epiphytic lichens was determined in two Venezuelan cloud forests adjacent to the Caracas Valley at Altos de Pipe and El Avila National Park. This is the second component of a two-part study examining the chemistry of fogs and their effects on sensitive biota in these forests. The widespread lichen Parmotrema madagascariaceum was chosen as an indicator of trace metal input. Background lichen collections and transplant experiments were carried out to evaluate spatial trends in atmospheric depositon of trace metals at different altitudes and exposures of the two montane locations. Elevated concentratons of metals including Pb and Zn were seen in lichen tissue and associated bark. Lead levels in lichens reached 190 μg g-1 dry wt. Lichens transplanted from relatively ‘clean’ to more polluted sites showed significant increases of metals, particularly Pb. Increases of up to 6.3 μg Pb g-1 mo-1 after 6 and 10 months were recorded relative to background and in situ lichen material. In contrast, when lichsens were reciprocally transplanted in nylon net bags from less to more exposed sites there was a significant decrease in Pb and Zn concentrations after 6 and 10 months. With long-term exposure to elevated concentrations of these trace metals epiphytic lichens, as well as other sensitive cloud forest biota, may be at risk of decline.

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“…Some species are damaged or killed by yearly mean levels of SO 2 as low as 13 μg/m 3 (LeBlanc et al 1972) or by other oxidizing compounds, such as nitrogen oxides (Sigal & Nash 1983). In polluted areas, the phycobiont is the first to be damaged, determining progressive discoloring of the thallus until the death of the algae, which quickly leads to the death of the lichen (Sigal & Johnston 1986). When the lichen dies, it disappears from the substrate within a few months to a year (Wetmore 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lichens as bioindicators of temporal variations in air quality around Thessaloniki, northern Greece

Vokou

Pirintsos

Loppi

1999

Ecological Research

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The epiphytic lichen vegetation of 20 sites around Thessaloniki (Macedonia, northern Greece) surveyed in 1987 was sampled again in 1997 to monitor any changes in lichen communities and consequently in air quality. A general impoverishment in lichen communities was recorded in the 10‐year period, presumably chiefly due to changes in the air pollution status. A small increase in lichen species diversity was recorded in some stations, probably as a result of the buffering capacity of airborne dust.

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Effects of simulated acidic rain on one species each ofpseudoparmelia, usnea, andumbilicaria

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Cation ratios inCladonia portentosaas indices of precipitation acidity in the British Isles

Cation ratios inCladonia portentosaas indices of precipitation acidity in the British Isles

The use of a common epiphytic lichen as a bioindicator of atmospheric inputs to two Venezuelan cloud forests

Lichens as bioindicators of temporal variations in air quality around Thessaloniki, northern Greece

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