Effects of Simulated Acidic Rain on Host-Parasite Interactions in Plant Diseases

Shriner, D.S.

doi:10.1094/phyto-68-213

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…moderate (pH 3.6) acidity on middle crowns than at high (pH 2.6) acidity. Treatment with pH 2.6 rain may stress plants, predisposing them to greater disease development (SHRINER 1978). This suggestion is supported in the present field study by the observed variation in the development of Lophodermium needle cast during SAR application.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Necrotic spots induced by simulated acid rain on needles of Abies balsamea saplings

Whitney

1991

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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Simulated acid rain (SAR) of pH 2.6, 3.6 and 5.6 (control) was applied to Abies balsamea (L.) Mill, saplings at 2-week intervals for 3 years. Ambient precipitation was excluded from the trees during this period. Eight to dark brown necrotic spots along the midribs of needles, 0.1 to 0.5 mm in diameter and sometimes having a white center, were associated with the most acidic (pH 2.6) SAR treatment. These spots appeared over a significantly (p = 0.05) larger area of the foliage in the pH 2.6 treatment than in controls (pH 5.6). Needles that received SAR of pH 3.6 had intermediate numbers of spots. The spots persisted for at least 1% years after cessation of SAR application. Needle retention, needle lengths, and the occurrence of epicormic shoots and the needle rust caused by Uredinopsis longimucronata FauU were not significantly (p = 0.05) affected by the SAR treatments. Needle retention tended to be lessened by the most acidic (pH 2.6) SAR treatment. The occurrence oi Eophodermium piceae (Fuckel) Hohnel needle cast was significantly lower in the middle tree sections of the pH 5.6 and 3.6 treatments than in the pH 2.6, drought and ambient treatments. Damage by naturally occurring insects was negligible, and was not related to the SAR treatments.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Necrotic spots induced by simulated acid rain on needles of Abies balsamea saplings

Whitney

1991

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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“…Simulated acid rain and heavy-metal deposition have been shown to decrease disease development in several host-parasite systems in nature (SHRINER 1978). However, in an experimental field study, VUORINEN (1992) did not detect significant effects of acid rain on the occurrence of Melampsoridium betulinum (Pers.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of heavy metals and acid irrigation on the birch rust, Melampsoridium betulinum

Helander

1994

European Journal of Forest Pathology

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Effects of simulated acid rain and heavy metals on the occurrence of Melampsoridium betulinum in naturally infected mountain-birch trees and seedlings {Betula pubescens subsp. tortuosa) were studied in a subarctic area where background polution levels are low. The short term (2 years) effects of copper, nickel and sulphuric acid, and long term (8 years) effects of nitric-and sulphuric-acid deposition on birch-rust infection were determined.

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“…Effects of simulated acid rain (SAR) have been quantified by measurements of tissue damage, physiological response and even by observed changes in host-parasite relationships (Evans et al [10]; Ferenbaugh [11]; Jacobson and Van Leuken [12]; Shriner [13]; Wood and Bormann [14]). Extremely low pH level such as pH 2.0 seems to induce severe necrosis in plants (Haines and Carlson [15]; Shriner et al [16]; Kohno et al [17]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of simulated acid rain on tropical trees of the coastal zone of Campeche, Mexico

Cerón

Guerra

et al. 2009

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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Native trees species of the coastal zone of Campeche Mexico belonging to different families (Blood wood tree (Haematoxylum campechianum L.), White mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn), Red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle L.), Button mangrove (Conocarpus erectus L.), Pink flower tree (Tabebuia rosea Bertol), Mahogany (Switenia macrophyla King) and Red cedar (Cedrela odorata L.)) were exposed to simulated acid rain for six weeks to assess visible foliar damage and effects on sulphur, nutrients, and photosynthetic pigment contents. A total of 245 seedlings were exposed four times a week from June to July under controlled conditions by using a simulated rainwater distribution system designed to reproduce rain events of 10 mm. Six treatments with five repetitions each were established at drought and irrigation conditions at different pH values. The results suggest that the water stress condition is related to the severity of the effects shown by individuals exposed to acid rain at pH values of 2.0 and 3.0. A significant increase in sulphur contents was observed on mature leaf tissues, being greater in the Mahogany, Red Cedar and Blood wood trees at pH 2 treatment under drought conditions. The chlorophyll a/b ratio showed a significant decrease in the Mahogany, White Mangrove and Blood wood trees, and nutrient levels were sensitive to the lowest pH values. According to the results, it could be observed that the Red mangrove, Button mangrove, Red cedar and Blood wood trees were more sensitive to acid rain. The Horsfall-Barratt method was applied to develop a severity scale; however, it is necessary to conduct a field survey for long-term exposure in parcels focused on sensible species to obtain a more precise scale.

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Effects of Simulated Acidic Rain on Host-Parasite Interactions in Plant Diseases

Cited by 61 publications

References 0 publications

Necrotic spots induced by simulated acid rain on needles of Abies balsamea saplings

Necrotic spots induced by simulated acid rain on needles of Abies balsamea saplings

Effects of heavy metals and acid irrigation on the birch rust, Melampsoridium betulinum

Effects of simulated acid rain on tropical trees of the coastal zone of Campeche, Mexico

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