Effects of simulated chlorsulfuron drift on fruit yield and quality of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.)

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at the Irrigated Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Prosser, Washington, in 1992 and 1993 to study the effects of simulated chlorsulfuron (2 chloro‐N [[(4 methoxy‐6 methyl 1,3,5‐tnazin 2 yl)amino]‐carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide) drift at different reproductive growth stages of three cherry (Prunus avium L ) cultivars, Rainier, Chinook, and Bing Branches of each cultivar were treated at side‐green, full bloom, postbloom, and pit hardening growth stages with 0, 251 1 × 10 7, 83 8 × 10 7, 27 9 × 10−7, 9 3 × 10−7, and 3 1 × 10−7 M chlorsulfuron In single‐exposure expetiments, Chinook was adversely affected by the lower levels of chlorsulfuron Bing was not affected by levels of chlorsulfuron below 27 9 × 10 7 M The yield and quality of fruit decreased significantly with the increase in chlorsulfuron concentrations applied at full bloom and postbloom stages Reduction in yield was correlated with the severity of injury symptoms on leaves In the multiple exposure experiments, fruit yield, fruit size, and color were significantly reduced by increasing chlorsulfuron concentration and number of exposures Average firmness of fruit increased with increases in chlorsulfuron concentration The data suggested that multiple exposures of a susceptible cherry cultivar to low levels of chlorsulfuron at full bloom and postbloom stage can reduce fruit yield and delay maturity of cherries while increasing fruit firmness

Potential impact of low levels of chlorsulfuron and other herbicides on growth and yield of nontarget plants

“…Low application rates of chlorsulfuron influenced the reproduction of four taxonomically diverse species in a manner similar to that shown previously for cherry trees [7,10] and green pea [11]. The magnitude of the reproductive effect caused by the application rates tested depended on the species and the developmental stage.…”

Sublethal effects of the herbicide glufosinate ammonium on crops and wild plants: short-term effects compared to vegetative recovery and plant reproduction

“…Marrs et al (1989) observed that decreases in seed yields of various wild species occurred at greater distances from the origin of spray than decreases in biomass. Other studies have observed similar decreases in seed production (Fletcher et al 1996;Taylor and Oliver 1997;Schmenk and Kells 1998;Riemens et al 2009) and crop yield (Bhatti et al 1995;Al-Khatib et al 2003;Pfleeger et al 2008) to low doses of herbicides simulating drift that are lower than decreases in biomass/vegetative growth as compared to the controls.…”

Determination of genetic and epigenetic effects of glyphosate on Triticum aestivum with RAPD and CRED-RA techniques

“…Although herbicides have remarkable advantages in protecting crop yields, they can have direct effects on plants pathogens (particularly bacteria and fungi) by either stimulating or inhibiting their growth (Duke et al 2007;Sanyal and Shrestha 2008). In a terrestrial environment, it has been demonstrated that even low concentrations of herbicides can affect the growth and reproduction of non-target plants (Bhatti et al 1995;Boutin et al 2000).…”