Copper-thiolate self-assembly nanostructures are a unique
class
of nanomaterials because of their interesting properties such as hierarchical
structures, luminescence, and large nonlinear optical efficiency.
Herein, we synthesized biomolecule cysteine (Cys) and glutathione
(GSH) capped sub-100 nm self-assembly nanoparticles (Cu–Cys–GSH
NPs) with red fluorescence. The as-synthesized NPs show high emission
enhancement in the presence of ethanol, caused by the aggregation-induced
emission. We correlated the structure and optical properties of Cu–Cys–GSH
NPs by measuring the mass, morphology, and surface charge as well
as their two-photon excited fluorescence cross-section (σ2PEPL), two-photon absorption cross-section (σTPA) and first hyperpolarizability (β) of Cu–Cys–GSH
NPs in water and water–ethanol using near-infrared wavelength.
We found a high β value as (77 ± 10) × 10–28 esu (in water) compared to the reference medium water. The estimated
values of σ2PEPL and σTPA are found
to be (13 ± 2) GM and (1.4 ± 0.2) × 104 GM,
respectively. We hope our investigations of linear and nonlinear optical
properties of copper-thiolate self-assemblies in water and its solvent-induced
aggregates will open up new possibilities in designing self-assembled
systems for many applications including sensing, drug delivery, and
catalysis.