Effects of Sintering Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Metal Injection Molded 316L Stainless Steel.

Yoon, Taekyung; Lee, You Hwan; Ahn, Sang Ho; Lee, Jung Hwan; Lee, Chong Soo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.43.119

Cited by 31 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…While in general, decrease in a grain size would lead to a higher tensile strength [5], in the case of studied materials, densification and pores size/shape drive the final properties instead of the grain size. A decrease in porosity generally leads to the increase of yield strength, which is, on the other hand, suppressed by the grain growth occurring simultaneously [38]. Thus, it was also found that it may remain constant [38] similarly to the AW-based samples tested.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

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Environmentally Efficient 316L Stainless Steel Feedstocks for Powder Injection Molding

Hausnerová

Novák

2020

Polymers

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In this study, environmentally convenient highly metal powder filled feedstocks intended for powder injection molding is presented. The composition of 60 vol % 316L stainless steel gas atomized powder feedstocks containing semicrystalline waxes: acrawax or carnauba wax and paraffin wax, combined with polyethylene glycol and modifier, was optimized to provide defect-free parts. Rheological as well as thermogravimetric analyses supported with scanning electron microscopy and metallography were employed to set up optimum conditions for molding, debinding and sintering. The performance of the novel feedstock was compared with currently available polyolefines-based materials, and results showed an efficiency enhancement due to the substantially lower (about 100 °C) mixing and molding temperatures as well as a reduction of debinding and sintering times at the simultaneous achievement of better mechanical properties in terms of elongation and tensile strength, in comparison to the mass production feedstock.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…A decrease in porosity generally leads to the increase of yield strength, which is, on the other hand, suppressed by the grain growth occurring simultaneously [38]. Thus, it was also found that it may remain constant [38] similarly to the AW-based samples tested.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 64%

Environmentally Efficient 316L Stainless Steel Feedstocks for Powder Injection Molding

Hausnerová

Novák

2020

Polymers

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“…[24] Substituting the value of the strain rate sensitivity, b, obtained from Eq. [4] into Eq. [5] gives the thermal activation volume as a function of the relative sintered density, the strain, and the strain rate range, as shown in Figure 8.…”

Section: B Estimation Of Strain Rate Sensitivity and Activation Volumementioning

confidence: 96%

“…[3,4] Some investigations into the corrosion behavior and densification behavior of 316L sintered stainless steel also exist in the literature. [5,6] The influence of the microstructure on fatigue crack propagation in sintered stainless steels has been reported, [7] and the effects of thermocapillary forces during the molding of 316L type powder metallurgy austenitic stainless steels have been assessed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation and fracture behavior of 316L sintered stainless steel under various strain rate and relative sintered density conditions

Lee

Chiu

2006

Metall Mater Trans A

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This study investigates the effects of the strain rate and the relative sintered density on the mechanical response and fracture behavior of 316L sintered stainless steel. Low strain rate compression tests are conducted on an MTS 810 servohydraulic machine at strain rates of 10 À3 to 10 À1 s À1 , while dynamic impact tests are performed using a split-Hopkinson bar at strain rates of 3 3 10 3 to 9 3 10 3 s À1 . The Taguchi method with an L 9 orthogonal array is used to characterize and optimize the sintering process control factors such that the specimens have three different relative sintered densities, i.e., 83, 88, and 93 pct. It is found that the strain rate and relative sintered density have significant effects on the flow stress, fracture strain, strain rate sensitivity, and activation volume. The significant differences observed in the strain rate sensitivity and activation volume in the high and low strain rate tests indicate that the corresponding deformation is dominated by different rate controlling mechanisms. Furthermore, the changes in strain rate sensitivity and thermal activation volume observed at different levels of the relative sintered density are related to the work hardening stress. At high strain rate and relative sintered densities, slip deformation in the form of slip bands is frequently observed within the grains. Therefore, it appears that higher strain rates and relative sintered densities represent favorable conditions for the formation of shear bands and cracking, and hence lead to premature specimen fracture. The fracture surfaces contain dimplelike structures, which are indicative of a ductile fracture mode. The depth and the density of these dimples decrease as the strain rate and relative sintered density increase, indicating a loss of ductility.

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“…In the MIM process, debinding temperature, sintering temperature, sintering time, sintering atmosphere and heating rate during sintering plays an important role to achieve excellent microstructure thus promoting good mechanical properties like tensile strength, elongation and fracture strength. [45][46][47] Based on the applied sintering parameters, the component may undergo less sintering (or) proper sintering (or) over sintering. 46,48) Effect of sintering on component density is explained by Myers and German for M2 tool steel.…”

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunity and Challenges of Iron Powders for Metal Injection Molding

et al. 2021

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Design flexibility, mass customization, waste reduction and the ability to manufacture near-net complexshape structures, as well as rapid prototyping, are the main advantages of Metal Injection Molding (MIM). A brief review of the MIM technique, materials and their development to trending applications using iron powders was delineated. The ground-breaking applications of MIM in automotive, medical, and magnetic materials were discussed. The current-status of iron powder product development prepared for MIM was reviewed. In addition, this paper discussed the main processing challenges considering the MIM technology for producing high-end applications. Overall, this paper gives a summary of MIM, including a study on its benefits and opportunities and as a roadmap for future research and development in iron and steel powder manufacturing technique. KEY WORDS: metal injection molding; iron powders; mass customization; microstructure. ders such as copper, molybdenum, chromium, and nickel. 6) Currently, estimate share of MIM in metal powder industry is minimal, close to 6 000 TPA for iron powders (excluding stainless steel and high alloy steels). 7) The demand is Table 1. Global pure iron powder production (in MT) of key manufacturers in 2017 (Source: QYR Chemical & Material Research Centre, April 2017).

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Effects of Sintering Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Metal Injection Molded 316L Stainless Steel.

Cited by 31 publications

References 16 publications

Environmentally Efficient 316L Stainless Steel Feedstocks for Powder Injection Molding

Environmentally Efficient 316L Stainless Steel Feedstocks for Powder Injection Molding

Deformation and fracture behavior of 316L sintered stainless steel under various strain rate and relative sintered density conditions

Opportunity and Challenges of Iron Powders for Metal Injection Molding

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