Effects of slip on the viscosity of polymer melts

Adhikari, Narayan Prasad; Goveas, J. L.

doi:10.1002/polb.20066

Cited by 40 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Polymeric fluorosensors are of particular interest because they are molecular devices powered by light and which possess high sensitivity to various external signals. The functional characteristics of polymeric fluorosensors can be expressed either by conformational changes of the macromolecules or by collective transport properties [26]. However, the use of end-functionalized polymeric fluorosensors for detecting metal ions has been rarely reported, and yet a small amount of fluorophores is enough for fluorescence detection purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ATRP of MMA initiated by 2-bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2- benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) and its fluorescent property in the presence of metal ions

Gu¹,

Xu²,

Ge³

et al. 2010

E-Polymers

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2-Bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2-benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) was used for the heterogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with a copper(I)bromide/2,2'-bipyridine catalytic system. Factors such as the reaction temperature and mole ratio of catalyst to initiator, which could affect the ATRP system, were discussed in the paper. The functional end group was characterized via UV-vis and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. The rates of polymerizations exhibited first-order kinetics with respect to the monomer, and a linear increase in the number-average molecular weight with increasing monomer conversion was observed for these initiation systems. The polydispersity indices (PDI) of the polymer were relatively low (1.07-1.23) up to high conversions. This PMMA with BPBVE as end group shows strong emission at blue-light area whether in solution or in solid. In particularly, emission was decreased (or quenched) with appearance of metal cations (Zn 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Pb 2+ , Mn 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 3+ , Ag + ) in DMF solution.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorosensors are molecular devices capable of detecting the presence of environmental pollutants via changes in spectral characteristics [22][23][24][25][26]. Polymeric fluorosensors are of particular interest because they are molecular devices powered by light and which possess high sensitivity to various external signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ATRP of MMA initiated by 2-bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2- benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) and its fluorescent property in the presence of metal ions

Gu¹,

Xu²,

Ge³

et al. 2010

E-Polymers

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A great variety of commercially available polymers as coating candidates are being widely used in electrochemical sensor design to reduce the surface fouling effects [28]. Depending on the polymer properties, two different approaches are usually employed in the preparation of electrode coating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bismuth Film Microelectrode Modified with Overoxidized Poly‐1‐Naphtylamine Protective Membrane for Enhanced Stripping Voltammetric Detection

2008

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The application of protective overoxidized poly-1-naphtylamine membrane (ONAP) is demonstrated in combination with bismuth film microelectrode (ONAP-BiFME) for anodic stripping voltammetric measurement of trace heavy metals in the presence of some selected surfactants. The ONAP membrane was electrochemically deposited on the surface of bare single carbon fiber microelectrode followed by the in situ or ex situ preparation of the bismuth film. The key operational parameters influencing the stripping performance of the ONAP-BiFME were optimized and its electroanalytical performance was examined in the model solution containing Cd(II) and Pb(II) as test metal ions. The ONAP-BiFME exhibited significantly enhanced stripping voltammetric response (approximately 70% for Cd(II) and 45% for Pb(II)) in comparison with unmodified BiFME in the absence of surfactants. In the presence of high concentrations, e.g., 20 mg L À1, of anionic or cationic surfactants, the stripping signal for, e.g., Cd(II) decreased for less than 6% at the ONAP-BiFME, whereas at the unmodified BiFME the signal attenuated considerably (approximately 38%). Moreover, in the presence of 10 mg L À1 of nonionic surfactant Triton X-100, the stripping signals at the bare BiFME were almost completely suppressed, whereas at the ONAP-BiFME exhibited linear concentration behavior in the examined concentration range from 10 to 120 mg L À1 , with the calculated limit of detection of 5.0 mg L À1 and 3.4 mg L À1 for Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively in connection with 60 s accumulation time. The attractive behavior of ONAPmodified BiFME expands the applicability of bismuth-based electrodes for measurement of trace heavy metals in real environments, where the presence of more complex matrix can be expected.

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“…These outstanding properties have led to a broad range of applications, such as electrochemical switches and electronic and optoelectronic devices and sensors. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Conjugated polymers incorporating macrocyclic receptors within their structure, either as pendant groups or as part of a polymeric backbone, recognized for their ability to perform host-guest chemistry, are a more recent development in the field. 5,[7][8][9][10][11][12] In these systems, the chemical sensing relies on specific and nonspecific analyte-receptor interactions transduced into a measurable response, which is normally evaluated with conductometric, potentiometric, colorimetric, or fluorescence methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Rh(I)‐catalyzed polymerization of 1,3‐diphenylyne–calix[4]arene compounds: Novel conjugated, calixarene‐based polymers

Costa

Prata

2006

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The synthesis of two 1,3‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzyloxy)calix[4]arenes, 5,11,17,23‐tetrakis(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐25,27‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzyloxy)‐26,28‐dihydroxycalix[4]arene (1) and 25,27‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzyloxy)‐26,28‐dihydroxycalix[4]arene (2), was accomplished through Sonogashira coupling of appropriate calixarene derivatives. Methods for the polymerization of these bifunctional building blocks with Rh(I) as a catalyst, leading ultimately to conjugated polymers having calix[4]arene units incorporated into the main chain, were explored. Calixarenes 1 and 2 were efficiently polymerized with rhodium‐based initiators and afforded the conjugated polymers poly{5,11,17,23‐tetrakis(1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐25,27‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzyloxy)‐26,28‐dihydroxycalix[4]arene} (poly 1) and poly{25,27‐bis(4‐ethynylbenzyloxy)‐26,28‐dihydroxycalix[4]arene}. Depending on the conditions, high conversions and good yields were obtained. The effects of adding cocatalysts (NHEt2 and/or PPh3) were studied in connection with the number‐average molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of the resultant polymer (poly 1) and tentatively correlated with the formation of low‐molecular‐weight materials. A catalytic system containing triphenylphosphine as the sole additive ([Rh(nbd)Cl]2; [Rh]/[PPh3] = 0.5) proved to be the best for the polymerization of p‐tert‐butylcalixarene compound 1. Linear polymers having high number‐average molecular weights (up to 1.1 × 105 g mol−1) with low polydispersities were produced under these conditions. For debutylated homologue 2, its polymerization was best carried out in the absence of any added cocatalyst. A cyclopolymerization route, comprising the intramolecular ring closing of the calix[4]arene pendant ethynyl groups followed by an intermolecular propagation step, is advanced to explain the results. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 7054–7070, 2006

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Effects of slip on the viscosity of polymer melts

Cited by 40 publications

References 19 publications

ATRP of MMA initiated by 2-bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2- benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) and its fluorescent property in the presence of metal ions

ATRP of MMA initiated by 2-bromoisobutyric acid 4-(2- benzothiazole-2-yl-vinyl)-phenyl ester (BPBVE) and its fluorescent property in the presence of metal ions

Bismuth Film Microelectrode Modified with Overoxidized Poly‐1‐Naphtylamine Protective Membrane for Enhanced Stripping Voltammetric Detection

Synthesis and Rh(I)‐catalyzed polymerization of 1,3‐diphenylyne–calix[4]arene compounds: Novel conjugated, calixarene‐based polymers

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