Effects of Smoking and Fetal Hypokinesia in Early Pregnancy

Habek, Dubravko

doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2007.06.007

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Smoking prevalence in our study population is well in line with other studies that have shown that approximately 90% of opioid‐dependent women are smokers [4,27]. Smoking has been shown to cause fetal tachycardia in women who smoke more than 20 cigarettes per day and influence fetal movement as early as 10 gestational weeks [22]. Furthermore, despite the fact that cases were all part of a comprehensive, multi‐professional treatment model for the management of substance‐dependent pregnant women, other possible confounding factors, such as unknown opioid concentrations in the maternal blood at time of screening and possible influence of other substances co‐abused without our knowledge, cannot be ruled out completely.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Cases were matched randomly to an equal number of non‐drug‐dependent mothers (controls) by crown–rump length (CRL), maternal age, ethnic background and smoking status. All these parameters have been shown to influence fetal heart rate in previous studies [14,22]. We used Research Randomizer Software version 4.0, which is available free of charge online (http://www.randomizer.org) to assign controls when more than one possible match was identified from the database.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First‐trimester fetal heart rate in mothers with opioid addiction

et al. 2010

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First‐trimester fetal heart rate in mothers with opioid addiction

et al. 2010

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“…Interestingly, similar results were reported in human studies, showing that fetal agility is slower and more feeble in infants of chronic smokers; that is, the number of sluggish fetal movements significantly exceeds the number of brisk fetal movements in infants of women who are chronic smokers (120 cigarettes daily) (Habek and Hodek, 1997). Hence, this chicken embryo assay may be helpful in toxicological evaluation of different chemicals that can affect normal embryonic movements, leading to the production of embryonic teratogenicity.…”

Section: Toxicological Effects Of Mswss On Developing Embryosupporting

confidence: 78%

Toxicological Effects of Mainstream Whole Smoke Solutions on Embryonic Movements of the Developing Embryo

Ejaz

Seok

Woong

2005

Drug and Chemical Toxicology

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Cigarette smoking is unrivaled among developmental toxicants in terms of total adverse impact on the human population. Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy adversely affects prenatal and postnatal growth and increases the risk of behavioral and developmental defects in children and adolescents. In the current study, the effects of different preparations of nicotine and mainstream whole smoke solutions (MSWSS) on embryonic movements during neonatal development were examined in vivo, using the chicken embryo model, recorded in real-time by a video camera. It was observed that low doses of nicotine induced hyperactivity and higher doses induced hypoactivity. Accordingly, a significant (p < 0.01) decrease in movements was observed by application of 10 microg of nicotine and different preparations of MSWSS. A dose-dependent decrease in embryonic movements was observed, which did not recover by the end of experiment. It was concluded that nicotine could alter embryonic movements, which are important during embryogenesis for differentiation and maturation of the body systems.

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“…Heavier smoking was associated with suppression of fetal motor activity, confirming prior observations. 24,25 Caution is needed in concluding that other substances do not potentiate or interfere with the fetal response to buprenorphine, as the small sample coupled with variation in exposures limits our ability to conduct more detailed analyses and use other substances as either covariates or modifiers. In particular, this study may be under-powered to detect significant effects of other substances on either fetal parameters or in relation to buprenorphine effects.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal buprenorphine treatment and fetal neurobehavioral development

Jansson

Vélez

McConnell

et al. 2017

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology

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Background Gestational opioid use/misuse is escalating in the United States, however, little is understood about the fetal effects of medications used to treat maternal opioid use disorders. Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maternal buprenorphine administration on longitudinal fetal neurobehavioral development. Study Design Forty-nine buprenorphine-maintained women attending a substance use disorder treatment facility with generally uncomplicated pregnancies underwent fetal monitoring for 60 minutes at times of trough and peak maternal buprenorphine levels. Data were collected at 24, 28, 32, and 36 weeks gestation. Fetal neurobehavioral indicators (i.e., heart rate, motor activity and their integration (fetal movement-fetal heart rate coupling)) were collected via an actocardiograph, digitized and quantified. Longitudinal data analysis relied on hierarchical linear modeling. Results Fetal heart rate, heart rate variability and heart rate accelerations were significantly reduced at peak versus trough maternal buprenorphine levels. Effects were significant either by or after 28 weeks of gestation, and tended to intensify with advancing gestation. Fetal motor activity and fetal movement-fetal heart rate coupling were depressed from peak to trough at 36 weeks of gestation. Polysubstance-exposure did not significantly affect fetal neurobehavioral parameters, with the exception that fetuses of heavier smokers moved significantly less than those of lighter smokers at 36 weeks. By the end of gestation, higher maternal buprenorphine dose was related to depression of baseline fetal cardiac measures at trough. Conclusions Maternal buprenorphine administration has acute suppressive effects on fetal heart rate and movement, and the magnitude of these effects increases as gestation progresses. Higher dose (≥ 13 mg) appears to exert greater depressive effects on measures of fetal heart rate and variability. These findings should be balanced against comparisons to gestational methadone effects, relatively good outcomes of buprenorphine-exposed infants, and recognition of the benefits of medication assisted treatment for pregnant women with opioid use disorders in optimizing pregnancy outcomes.

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Effects of Smoking and Fetal Hypokinesia in Early Pregnancy

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

First‐trimester fetal heart rate in mothers with opioid addiction

First‐trimester fetal heart rate in mothers with opioid addiction

Toxicological Effects of Mainstream Whole Smoke Solutions on Embryonic Movements of the Developing Embryo

Maternal buprenorphine treatment and fetal neurobehavioral development

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