Effects of smoking on thyroid function

Utiger, Robert D.

doi:10.1530/eje.0.1380368

Cited by 49 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These results are in line with previous studies from Soldin et al (31) and Asvold et al (32). Proposed mechanisms are: activation of the sympathic nervous system by nicotine, resulting in a positive effect on TH secretion (51); higher TBG and testosterone levels together with lower E 2 levels in smokers (52); or a direct stimulating effect of smoking on the thyroid gland (51). Here, as the observed associations between smoking and thyroid parameters remained significant after adjustment for TBG and E 2 , we have no reason to believe that indirect effects through sex steroids are the mediators for the observed associations.…”

Section: Pz009mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heredity and lifestyle in the determination of between-subject variation in thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid men

Roef¹,

Taes

Toye

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Variation in thyroid hormone (TH) concentrations between subjects is greater than in a single subject over a prolonged period of time, suggesting an individual set point for thyroid function. We have previously shown that TH levels within normal range are associated with clinical indices such as bone mass, BMI, and heart rate. The aim of this study on young men was therefore to gain insight into the determinants of variation in TH levels among healthy subjects. Methods: Healthy male siblings (nZ941, 25-45 years) were recruited in a cross-sectional, populationbased study; a history or treatment of thyroid disease and thyroid auto-immunity were exclusion criteria. A complete assessment of TH status was performed (TSH, free thyroxine (FT 4 ), free triiodothyronine (FT 3 ), thyroperoxidase, and thyroglobulin antibodies, reverse T 3 (rT 3 ), thyroidbinding globulin (TBG), and urinary iodine levels). Genotyping was performed by TaqMan and KASP (KBiosciences) genotyping assays. Results: (F)T 4 , rT 3 , and TBG had heritability estimates between 80 and 90%. Estimates were lower for (F)T 3 (60%) and lowest for TSH (49%). Significant associations were observed between different single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the thyroid pathway and TSH, FT 4 , ratio FT 3 :FT 4 , and rT 3 . Nevertheless, these SNPs only explain a limited part of the heredity. As to age and lifestyle-related factors, (F)T 3 was negatively related to age and education level, positively to smoking and BMI (all P!0.0001) but not substantially to urinary iodine concentrations. Smoking was also negatively related to TSH and positively to FT 4 . Conclusion: Both genetic and lifestyle-related factors play a role in determining between-subject variation in TH levels in euthyroid young men, although genetic factors seem most important.

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Section: Pz009mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heredity and lifestyle in the determination of between-subject variation in thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid men

Roef¹,

Taes

Toye

et al. 2013

European Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Partial hypoxia induced by cigarette smoke components increases the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans by retrobulbar fibroblasts (22), thereby exacerbating the extraocular muscle swelling. It is also supposed that smoking might alter the structure of the TSH receptor making it more immunogenic in a way that leads to the production of TRAb that reacts strongly with retro-orbital tissue (7). Although smoking increases the risk of progression of ophthalmopathy after radioiodine therapy (3), we did not detect an exacerbation or progression of thyroid eye disease after RIT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…The interrelationship of GD and smoking has been shown in numerous studies (7)(8)(9). However, it is unknown how smoking acts on radioiodine therapy response in GH because of insufficient studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cigarette smoking is a well recognized risk factor for the development of Graves' hyperthyroidism (GH) and especially for Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) (5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Despite this fact, the biological mechanism responsible for the diverse effect of smoking and numerous components in tobacco (more than 4000) on the thyroid gland remains largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite this fact, the biological mechanism responsible for the diverse effect of smoking and numerous components in tobacco (more than 4000) on the thyroid gland remains largely unknown. It is supposed that smoking might augment immunologic responsiveness to whatever factor initiates Graves' disease or, on the other hand, it might impair restoration of tolerance to thyroid autoantigens (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cigarette Smoking Has no Impact on the Effect of Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Graves Disease / Pušenje cigareta nema uticaj na ishod radiojodne terapije kod bolesnika sa Grejvsovom bolešću

Sekulić¹,

Rajić²,

Vlajković³

et al. 2015

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis

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Presently, there is very little data on the impact of nicotine and other components of tobacco smoking on the outcome of radioiodine therapy (RIT) in Graves' disease (GD). Thus, this study was aimed to analyze a possible impact of cigarette smoking on the effect of radioiodine therapy in the patients with Graves' disease.The study included 31 patients (16 smokers and 15 non-smokers) with GD, aged from 22 to 73 years, who were treated with a single dose of iodine-131 sodium iodide ( 131 I-NaI) and subjected to a 12-month follow-up, thereafter. Patients were treated with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) before RIT and described very intense stressful events occurring prior to diagnosing Graves' hyperthyroidism. A successful response to RIT was defined as euthyroidism and subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism, while an unsuccessful response was defined as persistent hyperthyroidism.Comparison The results showed that cigarette smoking has no impact on the effect of radioiodine therapy after twelve-month period in patients who had experienced stressful events before the occurrence of Graves' disease. However, patients with smoking habits achieved successful response later than non-smokers.

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Tobacco Smoking and Thyroid Function

Åsvold¹,

Bjøro²,

Nilsen³

et al. 2007

Arch Intern Med

183

124

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Background: The association between tobacco smoking and thyroid function is incompletely understood. Methods: In a cross-sectional, population-based study conducted between August 15, 1995, and June 18, 1997, of 20 479 women and 10 355 men without previously known thyroid disease, we calculated the geometric mean serum concentration of thyrotropin and the prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism among current, former, and never smokers.

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Effects of smoking on thyroid function

Cited by 49 publications

References 14 publications

Heredity and lifestyle in the determination of between-subject variation in thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid men

Heredity and lifestyle in the determination of between-subject variation in thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid men

Cigarette Smoking Has no Impact on the Effect of Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Graves Disease / Pušenje cigareta nema uticaj na ishod radiojodne terapije kod bolesnika sa Grejvsovom bolešću

Tobacco Smoking and Thyroid Function

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