Effects of social crowding on emotionality and expression of hippocampal nociceptin/orphanin FQ system transcripts in mice

Reiss, D.; Wolter-Sutter, A.; Krężel, Wojciech; Ouagazzal, Abdel‐Mouttalib

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2007.07.010

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The SC mice appeared physically healthy with similar fur coat condition as the control mice. Our study thus expands previous findings (Reiss et al, 2007; Tramullas et al, 2012) and shows that social crowding of adult mice for a month was sufficient to produce a mild anxiety-like phenotype.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There were only a handful of studies that examined the behavioral and metabolic effects of social crowding in mice. In a study by Reiss and colleagues (2007), mice were housed in groups of seven (crowded condition) from 3 weeks of age for 13 weeks (Reiss et al, 2007). Compared to individually housed controls, these mice displayed increased signs of anxiety-like behaviors in the open field and the elevated plus maze tests, and exaggerated acoustic startle response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Lin

Sun

Choi

et al. 2015

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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Summary Stress is a widely recognized risk factor for psychiatric and metabolic disorders. A number of animal models utilizing various stressors have been developed to facilitate our understanding in the pathophysiology of stress-related dysfunctions. The most commonly used chronic stress paradigms include the unpredictable chronic mild stress paradigm, the social defeat paradigm and the social deprivation paradigm. Here we assess the potential of social crowding as an alternative chronic stress model to study the effects on affective behaviors and metabolic disturbances. Ten-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were housed in groups of four (control) or eight (social crowding; SC) in standard cage for 9 weeks. Exploration, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors were assessed in the open field test, the elevated T-maze, the novelty-suppressed test, and the forced swim test. SC mice exhibited a modest anxiety-like phenotype without change in depressive-like behaviors. Nine weeks of social crowding did not affect the body weight, but robustly increased adiposity as determined by increased mass of fat depots. Consistent with the increased fat content, serum leptin was markedly elevated in the SC mice. Specific changes in gene expression were also observed in the hypothalamus and the white adipose tissue following SC housing. Our study demonstrates the potential of social crowding as an alternative model for the study of stress-related metabolic and behavioral dysfunctions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Lin

Sun

Choi

et al. 2015

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…80,81 Nevertheless, this provides interesting evidence for the effect that group size might have, not only on the animals themselves, but on possible effects on research using such behavioural assessment tools. 72 …”

Section: Animal Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of space allocation and housing density on measures of wellbeing in laboratory mice: a review

2012

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In the majority of countries where there are legislative requirements pertaining to the use of animals in research, figures are quoted for minimum cage sizes or space allocation to be provided per animal. These figures are generally based on professional judgement and are in common usage. However, there is a growing trend and expectation that welfare science should inform regulatory decision-making. Given the importance of the potential welfare influences of cage size on the animals themselves, this paper presents the latest scientific knowledge on this topic in one of the most commonly used animals in research, the mouse. A comprehensive review of studies in laboratory mice was undertaken, examining the effects of space allocation per animal and animal density on established welfare indicators. To date, animal density studies have predominated, and the effects of space allocation per se are still relatively unclear. This information will guide those involved in facility management or legislative review, and provide a more solid foundation for further studies into the effects of routine husbandry practices on animal welfare.

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“…Five mice from each of the three groups were maintained in separate cages, serving as controls. Although, in some mice, isolation is considered stressful, several studies have shown that it can be less stressful than group housing for males, particularly after 1 week of adaptation (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Separating the controls avoided the intense dominance interactions otherwise exhibited by males of this strain, minimising stress from social contests, and also the potentially confounding effects of variation in achieved status.…”

Section: Stress Effects Of Chronic 'Social Instability' Beginning At mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although social isolation is itself sometimes used as a stressor in mice, a number of studies suggest that it is less stressful than group housing, particularly for mature males (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). In one prolonged study measuring corticosterone from faecal pellets, levels in isolated individuals were modestly (but not significantly) elevated by isolation, initially, declined to control levels after 1 week of isolation, and, by 2 weeks, were lower than those of group-housed males (26).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Stress Alters Expression of Large Conductance Calcium‐Activated Potassium Channel Subunits in Mouse Adrenal Medulla and Pituitary Glands

Chatterjee

Taylor

Ahmed

et al. 2009

J Neuroendocrinology

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Large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are very prominently expressed in adrenal chromaffin and many anterior pituitary cells, where they shape intrinsic excitability complexly. Stress- and sex-steroids regulate alternative splicing of Slo-alpha, the pore-forming subunit of BK channels, and chronic behavioural stress has been shown to alter Slo splicing in tree shrew adrenals. In the present study, we focus on mice, measuring the effects of chronic behavioural stress on total mRNA expression of the Slo-alpha gene, two key BK channel beta subunit genes (beta2 and beta4), and the 'STREX' splice variant of Slo-alpha. As a chronic stressor, males of the relatively aggressive SJL strain were housed with a different unfamiliar SJL male every 24 h for 19 days. This 'social-instability' paradigm stressed all individuals, as demonstrated by reduced weight gain and elevated corticosterone levels. Five quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain assays were performed in parallel, including beta-actin, each calibrated against a dilution series of its corresponding cDNA template. Stress-related changes in BK expression were larger in mice tested at 6 weeks than 9 weeks. In younger animals, Slo-alpha mRNA levels were elevated 44% and 116% in the adrenal medulla and pituitary, respectively, compared to individually-housed controls. beta2 and beta4 mRNAs were elevated 162% and 194% in the pituitary, but slightly reduced in the adrenals of stressed animals. In the pituitary, dominance scores of stressed animals correlated negatively with alpha and beta subunit expression, with more subordinate individuals exhibiting levels that were three- to four-fold higher than controls or dominant individuals. STREX variant representation was lower in the subordinate subset. Thus, the combination of subunits responding to stress differs markedly between adrenal and pituitary glands. These data suggest that early stress will differentially affect neuroendocrine cell excitability, and call for detailed analysis of functional consequences.

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Effects of social crowding on emotionality and expression of hippocampal nociceptin/orphanin FQ system transcripts in mice

Cited by 36 publications

References 67 publications

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Social overcrowding as a chronic stress model that increases adiposity in mice

Effects of space allocation and housing density on measures of wellbeing in laboratory mice: a review

Social Stress Alters Expression of Large Conductance Calcium‐Activated Potassium Channel Subunits in Mouse Adrenal Medulla and Pituitary Glands

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