“…This hypothesis subsequently implies the existence of an important individual determinant that could be highlighted by analysis of mothering styles in our species as reported for many mammals (Albers, Timmermans, & Vossen, 1999b;De Lathouwers & Van Elsacker, 2004;Dwyer & Lawrence, 2000;Hill, Greer, Solangi, & Il, 2007;Maestripieri, 1994), but never investigated in birds. The maternal care of precocial guinea pigs reared in social isolation, with social partners or with a mother and social partners did not differ (Albers et al, 1999a;Stern & Hoffman, 1970). Several studies dissociate the confused effects of early social isolation and maternal deprivation in mammals and show that deprived individuals reared with social peers had reduced social and maternal deficits (Melo et al, 2006).…”