Effects of sodium chloride on chronic silver toxicity to early life stages of rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>)

Dethloff, Gail M.; Naddy, Rami B.; Gorsuch, Joseph W.

doi:10.1897/06-539r.1

Cited by 14 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Major cations may compete with trace metals such as fluoride and sulfate for target cell sites and are known to modify their toxicity for aquatic organisms 44 , 52 . Kinraide et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the discharge of uranium mining effluents on the water quality of the reservoir: an integrative chemical and ecotoxicological assessment

Ferrari

Nascimento

Rodgher

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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The water quality of the Antas reservoir, under the influence of treated effluents from a uranium mining area Ore Treatment Unit (UTM) with acid mine drainage, was investigated. Samples were collected every 3 months from the Antas reservoir (CAB, P41-E and P14) and from the UTM (P41-S). Chemical and acute 48 h toxicity tests using Ceriodaphnia silvestrii and Daphnia magna analyses were carried out to determine the potential environmental risks due to discharging the uranium mine effluents into this reservoir. All the water samples taken from the treated effluent (P41-S) were positively correlated with elevated concentrations of uranium, manganese, aluminum, zinc and fluoride and with high electrical conductivity and pH values, being considered toxic. In November 2014 water samples taken from the reservoir showed chemical concentrations above the legislation limits for fluoride (4.5 mg L−1) uranium (0.082 mg L−1), sulfate (662.4 mg L−1), manganese (1.125 mg L−1) and aluminum (1.55 mg L−1), and in July 2015 for fluoride (2.55 mg L−1), uranium (0.01 mg L−1) and manganese (0.36 mg L−1). The extremely high average value for hardness (543.55 mg L−1) possibly reduced the toxicity potential of this chemical species mixture with respect to the bioindicators. The influence of the variation in water hardness on the toxicity of the cladocerans was discussed.

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“…Major cations may compete with trace metals such as fluoride and sulfate for target cell sites and are known to modify their toxicity for aquatic organisms 44 , 52 . Kinraide et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the discharge of uranium mining effluents on the water quality of the reservoir: an integrative chemical and ecotoxicological assessment

Ferrari

Nascimento

Rodgher

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…If toxicity values at different hardness were reported for the same species and endpoint, only the EC10 from the test at the lowest hardness was retained (e.g., Salmo trutta [Davies et al 1998] and Daphnia magna [Rodgers et al 1997;Naddy et al 2007a;Bianchini and Wood 2008;Mertens et al 2019]). If multiple values at a similar hardness were available, then the geometric mean value was used (e.g., O. mykiss [Davies et al 1998;Dethloff et al 2007]). An overview of the selected NOEC and EC10 values with additional information on DOC and hardness is provided in Table 8.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Data Set For Chronic Aquatic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting a Protective Threshold Value for Silver Toward Freshwater Organisms

Arijs

Nys

Sprang³

et al. 2021

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Driven by Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008 and the European Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC, we have reevaluated the available chronic freshwater ecotoxicity data for ionic silver (Ag) using strict data quality criteria. In addition, we generated new chronic ecotoxicity data for species potentially sensitive to Ag (the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus, the cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae, and the aquatic plant Lemna minor) using Ag nitrate as the test substance. The 10% effect concentrations for the most sensitive endpoint per test species were 0.31 µg dissolved Ag/L for B. calyciflorus (population size), 0.41 µg dissolved Ag/L for A. flos-aquae (growth rate), and 1.40 µg dissolved Ag/L for L. minor (root length). We included these values in the set of reliable chronic freshwater data, subsequently covering a total of 12 taxonomic groups and 15 species. Finally, we applied a species sensitivity distribution approach to the data set using various models. The best-fitting model (Rayleigh distribution) resulted in a threshold value protective for 95% of the species of 0.116 µg dissolved Ag/L. This value is considered reliable and conservative in terms of species protection and can be used as a solid basis for setting thresholds for Ag in freshwater after application of an appropriate assessment factor. Furthermore, this value represents reasonable worst-case conditions for bioavailability in European Union surface waters (low hardness and low dissolved organic carbon).

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“…Most research has focussed on the toxicity of Ag (specifically Ag þ ) to freshwater and marine organisms, such as algae [3], invertebrates [4][5][6], and fish, including rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) [7,8]. Wood et al [2] concluded that ''the acute toxicity of Ag (to rainbow trout) appears to be caused solely by ionic Ag þ interacting at the gills, inhibiting basolateral Na þ , K þ -ATPase activity,'' thereby disrupting osmoregulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizotoxic effects of silver in cowpea seedlings

Blamey

Kopittke

Wehr

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Silver (Ag) is highly toxic to aquatic organisms, including algae, invertebrate animals, and fish, but little information exists on Ag rhizotoxicity in higher plants. In two solution culture experiments with approximately 1,000 microM Ca(NO3)2 and 5 microM H3BO3 (pH 5.4), 20 to 80% of added Ag (< or =2 microM) was lost from solution within approximately 30 min, with a further decrease after 48 h root growth. Using measured Ag concentrations at the start of the experiments, the median effective concentration (EC50) for root elongation rate of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp. cv. Caloona) was 0.010 microM Ag in the first 4 h of exposure (0.021 microM in the first 8 h). This demonstrates that Ag (as Ag+) is rapidly rhizotoxic to cowpea seedlings at concentrations similar to those that are toxic to freshwater biota. Rupturing of rhizodermal and outer cortical layers was evident after 48 h with 0.13 to 0.57 microM Ag initially in solution, being most severe at 0.13 or 0.25 microM Ag. An additional experiment showed that ruptures were first evident after 20 h exposure to 0.17 microM Ag, with increased severity of rupturing over time. The rhizotoxic effects of Ag are similar to those of some other trace metals (e.g., Cu, Al, La) that bind strongly to hard ligands and weakly to soft ligands. The similarity of rupturing effects, despite the difference in strong binding to soft ligands by Ag and to hard ligands by the other metals, suggests a distinctive metabolic effect of Ag that binds only weakly to hard ligands.

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Effects of sodium chloride on chronic silver toxicity to early life stages of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Cited by 14 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of the discharge of uranium mining effluents on the water quality of the reservoir: an integrative chemical and ecotoxicological assessment

Effects of the discharge of uranium mining effluents on the water quality of the reservoir: an integrative chemical and ecotoxicological assessment

Setting a Protective Threshold Value for Silver Toward Freshwater Organisms

Rhizotoxic effects of silver in cowpea seedlings

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