Effects of Sodium Hydroxide and Liquid Ammonia Treatments on Shape Changes of Cross-Sectional of Cotton Fibers Due to Swelling.

Abe, Shunzo; Ohta, Shozo; Yamanaka, Akihiro; Nagara, Akinobu

doi:10.4188/transjtmsj.49.11_t290

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is also known that the resonance lines of C4 and C6 carbons split into crystal and amorphous components in solid state 13 C NMR spectra of cellulose 33, 34, 36, 37. The changes in crystal structures and crystallinities of cellulose fibers by mercerization or liquid ammonia treatment were studied with solid state NMR 38, 39. In this work, the changes in crystal structure and crystallinity by VP‐HCHO treatment are investigated by solid state NMR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vapor‐phase‐formaldehyde treatments on thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ramie fibers in the range of low temperature

Yamanaka

Yoshikawa

Abe

et al. 2005

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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To understand the influence to thermal conductivity by bridging in the polymer fibers, the thermal conductivity, and thermal diffusivity of ramie fiber and those bridged by formaldehyde (HCHO) using vapor‐phase method (VP‐HCHO treatment) were investigated in the lower temperature range. The thermal conductivities of ramie fiber with and without VP‐HCHO treatments decreased with decreasing temperature. Thermal diffusivities of ramie fiber with and without VP‐HCHO treatments were almost constant in the temperature range of 250–50 K, and increased by decreasing temperature below 50 K. Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of ramie fiber decreased by VP‐HCHO treatment. The crystallinities and orientation angles of ramie fibers with and without VP‐HCHO treatment were measured using solid state NMR and X‐ray diffraction. These were almost independent of VP‐HCHO treatment. Although tensile modulus decreased slightly by VP‐HCHO treatment, the decrease could not explain the decrease in thermal conductivity and diffusivity with decreasing sound velocity. The decrease of the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity by VP‐HCHO treatment suggested the possibility of the reduction of the mean free path of phonon by HCHO in VP‐HCHO treated ramie fiber. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 43: 2754–2766, 2005

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vapor‐phase‐formaldehyde treatments on thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ramie fibers in the range of low temperature

Yamanaka

Yoshikawa

Abe

et al. 2005

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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“…The relations between the chemical shifts and torsion angles of the molecular chain in cellulose crystal have been reported 26. The changes in the crystal structures and crystallinities of cellulose fibers by mercerization or a liquid ammonia treatment were studied by solid‐state NMR 31, 32. In this work, the changes in the crystal structure and crystallinity by the γ‐ray treatment were investigated with solid‐state NMR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha‐synuclein in colonic submucosa in early untreated Parkinson's disease

Shannon

Keshavarzian²,

Mutlu³

et al. 2011

Movement Disorders

407

313

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The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease rests on motor signs of advanced central dopamine deficiency. There is an urgent need for disease biomarkers. Clinicopathological evidence suggests that α-synuclein aggregation, the pathological signature of Parkinson's disease, can be detected in gastrointestinal tract neurons in Parkinson's disease. We studied whether we could demonstrate α-synuclein pathology in specimens from unprepped flexible sigmoidoscopy of the distal sigmoid colon in early subjects with Parkinson's disease. We also looked for 3-nitrotyrosine, a marker of oxidative stress. Ten subjects with early Parkinson's disease not treated with dopaminergic agents (7 men; median age, 58.5 years; median disease duration, 1.5 years) underwent unprepped flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy of the distal sigmoid colon. Immunohistochemistry studies for α-synuclein and 3-nitrotyrosine were performed on biopsy specimens and control specimens from a tissue repository (23 healthy subjects and 23 subjects with inflammatory bowel disease). Nine of 10 Parkinson's disease samples were adequate for study. All showed staining for α-synuclein in nerve fibers in colonic submucosa. No control sample showed this pattern. A few showed light α-synuclein staining in round cells. 3-Nitrotyrosine staining was seen in 87% of Parkinson's disease cases but was not specific for Parkinson's disease. This study suggests a pattern of α-synuclein staining in Parkinson's disease that was distinct from healthy subjects and those with inflammatory bowel disease. The absence of this pattern in subjects with inflammatory bowel disease suggests it is not a sequel of inflammation or oxidative stress. 3-Nitrotyrosine immunostaining was common in all groups studied, suggesting oxidative stress in the colonic submucosa.

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“…26 The changes in the crystal structures and crystallinities of cellulose fibers by mercerization or a liquid ammonia treatment were studied by solid-state NMR. 31,32 In this work, the changes in the crystal structure and crystallinity by the ␥-ray treatment were investigated with solid-state NMR. The crystallinities were estimated by the peak separation of the C4 carbon.…”

Section: Crystallinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation effect on the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ramie fibers in a range of low temperatures by γ rays

Yamanaka¹,

Izumi²,

Terada³

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:To understand the influence on the thermal conductivity by the length of the molecular chain in the polymer fiber, the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of ramie fibers and those irradiated by ␥ rays, which induced molecular chain scission of cellulose, were investigated in a range of low temperatures. The degrees of polymerization, crystallinities, and orientation angles of ramie fibers and those irradiated by ␥ rays (␥-ray treatment) were measured by the solution viscosity method, solid-state NMR, and X-ray diffraction. Only the degree of polymerization decreased with the ␥-ray treatment, and the crystallinities and orientation angles were almost independent of the ␥-ray treatment. The thermal conductivities of the ramie fibers with and without ␥-ray treatments decreased with decreasing temperature. The thermal diffusivities of the ramie fibers and those irradiated by ␥ rays were almost constant from 250 to 100 K, increased slightly with the temperature decreasing from 100 to 50 K, and increased rapidly with the temperature decreasing below 50 K. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the ramie fibers decreased with the ␥-ray treatment. The mean free path of the phonon in the ramie fibers was reduced by the ␥-ray treatment. This decrease of the thermal diffusivity and thermal conductivity was explained by the reduction of the mean free path of the phonon by molecular chain scission with ␥ rays.

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Effects of Sodium Hydroxide and Liquid Ammonia Treatments on Shape Changes of Cross-Sectional of Cotton Fibers Due to Swelling.

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of vapor‐phase‐formaldehyde treatments on thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ramie fibers in the range of low temperature

Effects of vapor‐phase‐formaldehyde treatments on thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ramie fibers in the range of low temperature

Alpha‐synuclein in colonic submucosa in early untreated Parkinson's disease

Radiation effect on the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of ramie fibers in a range of low temperatures by γ rays

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