Effects of sodium nitrate aerosol on cardiopulmonary function of dogs, sheep, and man

Sackner, Marvin A.; Dougherty, Richard D.; Chapman, G. A.; Zarzecki, S.; Zarzemski, L.; Schreck, Richard M.

doi:10.1016/0013-9351(79)90118-x

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…109 In an even earlier study, no reductions in airflow in a similar sample of asthmatics could be produced by sulfuric acid aerosol in concentrations 10 times higher than those used in the above study. 110 Others have produced small reductions in measures of airflow in asthmatics following exposure to sulfuric acid aerosol, but only in relatively high concentrations. 111,112 However, even these findings have not been consistent.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Particles and Health: Lines that Divide

Vedal

1997

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

393

229

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Particles and Health: Lines that Divide

Vedal

1997

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

393

229

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“…There are virtually no studies on the effects of nitric acid (17) and only limited data on particulate nitrogen oxides. Studies on sodium nitrates have not shown any significant deterimental effects (18)(19)(20).…”

Section: Sources Of Acidic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…In order to achieve the tolerable level of wet sulfate deposition of 20 range transport and to monitor the ment programs on human health.…”

Section: Introduction Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health risks from acid rain: a Canadian perspective.

Franklin¹,

Burnett²,

Paolini³

et al. 1985

Environ Health Perspect

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Acidic deposition, commonly referred to as acid rain, is causing serious environmental damage in eastern Canada. The revenues from forest products, tourism and sport fishing are estimated to account for about 8% of the gross national product. The impact on human health is not as clearcut and a multi-department program on the Long-Range Transport of Airborne Pollutants (LRTAP) was approved by the federal government in June 1980. The objectives of the LRTAP program are to reduce wet sulfate deposition to less than 20 kg/ha per year in order to protect moderately sensitive areas. This will require a 50% reduction in Canadian SO2 emissions east of the Saskatchewan/Manitoba border and concomitant reductions in the eastern U.S.A. The objectives of the health sector of the program are to assess the risk to health posed by airborne pollutants which are subjected to long-range transport and to monitor the influence of abatement programs.Two major epidemiology studies were undertaken in 1983, one in which the health effects related to acute exposure to transported air pollutants were studied in asthmatic and nonasthmatic children, and another in which the effects of chronic exposure to these pollutants were studied in school children living in towns with high and low levels of pollutants. Preliminary analysis of the data do not indicate major health effects, but definitive conclusions must await final analysis. Studies on the indirect effects of acid deposition on water quality have shown that acidified lake water left standing in the plumbing system can adversely affect water quality and that federally set guidelines for copper and lead are exceeded. Flushing of the system before using the water rectifies the situation. Additional studies are planned to further delineate the magnitude of the health effects of acidified lake water.

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“…In subjects with asthma, results are conflicting, with some showing bronchoconstriction after inhalation of concentrations of H 2 SO 4 v1,000 mg?m -3 [14,15], and in one study, with concentrations of only 100 mg?m -3 [16]; most studies [17][18][19], including the authors9 own (unpublished data), have shown no significant effect on lung function. Ambient H 2 SO 4 levels are now, in general, low in the UK, but a recent study from CA, USA [20] has identified an association between health effects and day-to-day changes in the concentrations of this pollutant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of exposure to sulphuric acid on the early asthmatic response to inhaled grass pollen allergen

Tunnicliffe

Evans²,

Mark³

et al. 2001

Eur Respir J

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Particulate sulphates, including sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ), are important components of the ambient aerosol in some areas and are regarded as air pollutants with potentially important human health effects. Challenge studies suggest little or no effect of H 2 SO 4 exposure on lung function in asthmatic adults, although some epidemiological studies demonstrate an effect of acid species on symptoms in subjects with asthma. To date, the effect of H 2 SO 4 on allergen responsiveness has not been studied.The effect of exposure to particulate H 2 SO 4 on the early asthmatic response to grass pollen allergen has been investigated in 13 adults with mild asthma. After establishment of the provocative dose of allergen producing a 15% fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (PD15) for each subject, they were exposed to air, 100 mg?m -3 or 1,000 g?m -3 H 2 SO 4 for 1 h, double-blind in random order ¢2 weeks apart, through a head dome delivery system 14 h after each exposure subject underwent a fixed-dose allergen challenge (PD15).Ten subjects completed the study. The mean early asthmatic responses (maximum percentage change in FEV1 during the first 2 h after challenge) following air, 100 mg?m -3 H 2 SO 4 , and 1,000 mg?m -3 H 2 SO 4 , were -14.1%, -16.7%, and -18.4%, respectively. The difference between 1,000 mg?m -3 H 2 SO 4 and air was significant (mean difference: -4.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI: -1.2--7.4%, p=0.013). The difference between air and 100 mg?m -3 H 2 SO 4 approached significance (mean difference: -2.6%, 95% CI: 0.0--5.3%, p=0.051).These results suggest that, at least at high mass concentration, sulphuric acid can potentiate the early asthmatic response of mild asthmatic subjects to grass pollen allergen, although the effect is limited.

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Effects of sodium nitrate aerosol on cardiopulmonary function of dogs, sheep, and man

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

Ambient Particles and Health: Lines that Divide

Ambient Particles and Health: Lines that Divide

Health risks from acid rain: a Canadian perspective.

The effect of exposure to sulphuric acid on the early asthmatic response to inhaled grass pollen allergen

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