Effects of Soil Organic Matter Content on Cadmium Toxicity in Eisenia Fetida: Implications for the Use of Biomarkers and Standard Toxicity Tests

Irizar, Amaia; Rodriguez, Maricela; Izquierdo, Asier; Cancio, Ibon; Marigómez, Ionan; Soto, Manu

doi:10.1007/s00244-014-0060-4

Cited by 44 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Authors such as Liu et al (2018) found EC 50 from 41.4 to 146.9 mg Cd kg -1 of soil for F. candida when assessing the effect of Cd toxicity on different soils, and found a high correlation of the toxicity response associated with the values of pH and organic matter of these soils. For earthworms, similarly, studies indicate that soil pH and organic matter content affect the bioaccumulation and toxicity (Irizar et al, 2015). Onuoha & Worgu (2011) found EC 50 values from 28.51 to 29.82 mg Cd kg -1 of soil in artificial soil, whereas Irizar et al (2015) found EC 50 values of 10.45, 15.15 and 51.0 mg Cd kg -1 of soil in artificial soil with different concentrations of organic material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For earthworms, similarly, studies indicate that soil pH and organic matter content affect the bioaccumulation and toxicity (Irizar et al, 2015). Onuoha & Worgu (2011) found EC 50 values from 28.51 to 29.82 mg Cd kg -1 of soil in artificial soil, whereas Irizar et al (2015) found EC 50 values of 10.45, 15.15 and 51.0 mg Cd kg -1 of soil in artificial soil with different concentrations of organic material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Forest Biomass Ash on Springtails and Earthworms in Subtropical Soils of Brazil

Ogliari¹,

Zortéa²,

Maccari³

et al. 2020

JAS

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The forest biomass ash used in agriculture as fertilizer has characteristics that can negatively affect the terrestrial environment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the application of eucalyptus forest biomass ash on springtails and earthworms in subtropical soils through ecotoxicological tests. The subtropical soils Oxisol and Entisol were used for the ecotoxicological tests of survival and reproduction of springtails (Folsomia candida) and earthworms (Eisenia andrei). The concentrations of forest biomass ash were 0, 5 10 and 20 t ha -1 , based on the recommendation of the application of plant ash as fertilizer. The ecotoxicological results obtained in Oxisol demonstrate that earthworms and springtails are not affected by the presence of ash. In Entisol, the results of sensitivity of the organisms were more evident, and effects were observed from the dose of 5 t ha -1 for springtails with estimated LC 50 of 15.68 t ha -1 (CI: not calculated) and EC 50 of 7.36 t ha -1 (CI: 7.11-7.62 t ha -1 ). Earthworms were affected from 10 t ha -1 , with an estimated EC 50 of 11.97 t ha -1 (CI: 9.49-14.46 t ha -1 ). Application of forest biomass ash in the soil negatively affects springtails and earthworms, but the magnitude of the effects is mainly related to characteristics of the soil, amount applied and sensitivity of the species; negative effects of ash application are directly related to the change in soil pH.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Forest Biomass Ash on Springtails and Earthworms in Subtropical Soils of Brazil

Ogliari¹,

Zortéa²,

Maccari³

et al. 2020

JAS

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“…However, E. andrei worms for the present experiments were kept in organic soil from commercial supplier containing 51% of organic matter, while E. fetida were maintained in artificial soil consisting of 70% quartz, 20% clay and 10% powdered calcium carbonate (ÞALTAUSKAITË & SODIENË (2014). It has been shown that low organic matter in soil increased Cd toxicity causing mortality and reproduction impairment of E. fetida, probably due to a lack of energy to maintain protection mechanisms (IRIZAR et al 2015). Cadmium concentration in bodies of E. andrei exposed to Cd-spiked soil increased in a time-dependent manner, as recorded previously in another composting species, Dendrobaena veneta, tested at similar experimental conditions (KWAD- RANS et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta; Lumbricidea) to Cadmium Polluted Soil Inhibits Earthworm Maturation and Reproduction but not Restoration of Experimentally Depleted Coelomocytes or Regeneration of Amputated Segments

Takács

Molńar

Klimek

et al. 2016

folia biol (krakow)

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Exposure of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta; Lumbricidea) to cadmium polluted soil inhibits earthworm maturation and reproduction but not restoration of experimentally depleted coelomocytes or regeneration of amputated segments. Folia Biologica (Kraków) 64: 275-284. Lumbricid earthworms are often exposed to polluted soil. They are also commonly subjected to various stimuli and attacks by predators that induce extrusion of coelomocyte-containing coelomic fluid and/or the loss of body segments followed by the renewal of immune-competent cells and regeneration of tissues/organs. The aim of our investigations was to test the effects of exposure of the earthworm Eisenia andrei to cadmium-polluted soil, combined with electrostimulation-induced depletion of coelomocytes (i.e. amoebocytes and chloragocyte-derived eleocytes) or the surgical amputation of posterior segments, on earthworm maturation, reproductive output, and regenerative processes. Experimental worms were maintained up to 7 weeks either in unpolluted soil or in soil spiked with cadmium chloride (500 mg/kg air-dried soil). In juvenile worms, sexual maturation (measured by clitellum formation) was delayed and cocoon production was inhibited in Cd-exposed worms. Coelomocytes were significantly depleted by electrostimulation and the kinetics of their recovery was similar in worms kept in clean and cadmium polluted soils, in both exposure conditions amoebocyte recovery was faster than recovery of riboflavin-storing eleocytes. In adult worms, soil cadmium exposure inhibited reproduction but, at macroanatomical level, had a negligible effect on regeneration of amputated posterior segments, visible only on histological cross-sections.

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“…During their study, Avila et al (2009) identified that increasing the organic material can reduce the toxicity of heavy metals in the body of earthworms. Irizar et al (2015) concluded during their study that, if the organic material in the soil is low, earthworms are not able to digest the soil and, as a result, the toxicity of cadmium increases in them, and the mortality and disorder in reproduction rise. Haghparast et al (2013) showed that organic material is a source of energy for Eisnia Fetida earthworms and increases the percentage of their survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFICIENCY OF THE EARTHWORM Eisenia fetida UNDER THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATTER FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH CADMIUM AND CHROMIUM

Mostafaii

Aseman

Asgharnia

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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-The use of earthworms to bioremediate soil results in decreasing the pollutant concentration through a bioaccumulation mechanism of the contaminants in the earthworm's body. The present work is an empirical study that was carried out on soils contaminated with chromium and cadmium. Organic matter in the amount of 5% and 9% of soil weight was added. Chromium and cadmium concentrations in soil and in the body of worms were measured at two time periods of 21 and 42 days. According to the results, increasing from 5% to 9% the organic material of the soil contaminated with chromium at the initial concentration of 0.06 mg/g, the removal efficiency decreased by 5%. In 0.1 mg/g concentration the bioremediation efficiency decreased by 20%, showing that the earthworms probably have more tendency to consume the organic material and low tendency for consuming the soil contaminated by metal. Results showed that, considering the increased mortality of worms in the soil at a concentration of 0.08 mg/g of chromium, using this method is not recommended. For cadmium we require more study, though we can say that the organic material had no influence on the bioremediation of the soil.

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Effects of Soil Organic Matter Content on Cadmium Toxicity in Eisenia Fetida: Implications for the Use of Biomarkers and Standard Toxicity Tests

Cited by 44 publications

References 63 publications

Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Forest Biomass Ash on Springtails and Earthworms in Subtropical Soils of Brazil

Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Forest Biomass Ash on Springtails and Earthworms in Subtropical Soils of Brazil

Exposure of Eisenia andrei (Oligochaeta; Lumbricidea) to Cadmium Polluted Soil Inhibits Earthworm Maturation and Reproduction but not Restoration of Experimentally Depleted Coelomocytes or Regeneration of Amputated Segments

EFFICIENCY OF THE EARTHWORM Eisenia fetida UNDER THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC MATTER FOR BIOREMEDIATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH CADMIUM AND CHROMIUM

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