Effects of Soil Salinity and Growth Regulators on Germination and Seedling Metabolism of Wheat

Sarin, Madhu; Narayanan, A.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1968.tb07350.x

Cited by 34 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The reaction was stopped by adding 8 ml of iodine solution (2.5 g of 12 Hastening of germination was measured at 5 C. Points are labeled with the hours or days seeds were incubated at constant water potentials.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Amylase Synthesis and Stability in Crested Wheatgrass Seeds at Low Water Potentials

Wilson

1971

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Drying of seeds of Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. did not result in breakdown of a-amylase nor impair the ability of seeds to resume its synthesis when moistened again. p-Amylase activity did not change during 5 days of germination at a water potential of 0 atmosphere nor during 40 days of incubation at -40 atmospheres. Seeds synthesized cx-amylase at 0, -20, and -40 atmospheres, but not at -60 atmospheres. At 0 and -20 atmospheres, the log of a-amylase activity was linearly related to hastening of germination. But at -40 atmospheres, seeds synthesized a-amylase during a time when there was little hastening of germination. Thu, it appears that other biochemical reactions are less dronghttolerant than synthesis of a-amylase. It is concluded that inhibition of a-amylase synthesis is not a controlling factor in the germination of these seeds at low water potentials.The objective of this study was to determine if inhibition of a-amylase synthesis might be a mechanism by which drought retards or prevents the germination of crested wheatgrass seeds. The hypothesis motivating this work is that seeds differing in their ability to germinate at low water potentials also differ in their ability to carry on drought-intolerant metabolic reactions. I selected a-amylase for study because its synthesis in barley half-seeds is intolerant to drought (6).Experiments concerned with the effects of chemical inhibitors support the view that a-amylase synthesis and starch breakdown are essential steps in germination. For example, abscisic acid inhibits growth response and a-amylase synthesis in intact barley seeds (9); benzyladenine delays the production of amylase and the concomitant breakdown of starch in pea seeds (15); salinity decreases germination, early seedling growth, release of reducing sugars, and synthesis of amylase in wheat (12).Swain and Dekker (17) have concluded from enzyme studies that a-amylase action is the first step in the hydrolytic breakdown of starch in pea cotyledons. Murata et al. (11) may account for much smaller amounts of starch breakdown, as compared to the amounts hydrolyzed by a-amylase.Cell enlargement and, consequently, seed germination are dependent on the availability of substrates for metabolism and of solutes for maintaining positive turgor potentials. Chen and Varner (3) have concluded that starch breakdown, synthesis of sucrose, and translocation of sucrose to cells of the embryo are essential processes in the germination of Avena fatua. They suggested that lack of sucrose synthesis, rather than of starch breakdown, is the explanation for dormancy in this species. It seems probable that one or more of these processes may be related to the germination of seeds at low water potentials.This paper reports (a) the stability of a-amylase during drought, (b) the resumption of a-amylase synthesis after drought, and (c) the effects of constant water potentials on the relationship between synthesis of a-amylase and hastening of germination. Crested wheatgrass, the test species, is ...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, abscisic acid inhibits growth response and a-amylase synthesis in intact barley seeds (9); benzyladenine delays the production of amylase and the concomitant breakdown of starch in pea seeds (15); salinity decreases germination, early seedling growth, release of reducing sugars, and synthesis of amylase in wheat (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amylase Synthesis and Stability in Crested Wheatgrass Seeds at Low Water Potentials

Wilson

1971

Plant Physiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Starch content of the seedlings was also found at comparatively decreased level closer to control in Phytohormones pretreated sets. Increased reducing sugar content due to pretreatment with GA 3 might be due to accelerated α-amylase activity which promoted hydrolysis of reserve polysaccharides ultimately resulting in increased sugar content [28]. GA 3 has also been reported to reverse the NaCl-induced inhibition of amylase-isozyme synthesis [29].…”

Section: Effect Of Arsenate and Growth Promoters On Sucrose Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Kinetin on Sucrose Metabolism in Mungbean Seedlings Under Arsenate Toxicity

Swarnakar¹

2017

BIO

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Arsenic pollution is at present an emerging global crisis. Arsenic is a naturally occurring metalloid found in water, soil and air from natural and anthropogenic sources. Currently, Arsenic pollution has gained a burning global importance due to its toxic effects. Growth of major pulse crop Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek) was affected right from seedling stage when treated with Sodium arsenate (Na 2 HAsO 4 .7H 2 O). With the increase in concentration of Sodium arsenate (5µM, 10µM and 20µM) significant decrease in seedling length, water content and primary leaf area was observed. The vital pigments like chlorophyll, caroteniod content as well as Hill activity reduced appreciably in sodium arsenate treated seedlings which indicates poor photosynthetic metabolism. Arsenate exposure also altered metabolism of main photosynthate, sucrose. Arsenate toxicity led to decrease in reducing and non reducing sugar content in the mungbean seedlings whereas starch content was elevated. Pretreatment of mungbean seeds with Phytohormone-GA 3 and Kinetin could ameliorate Arsenate induced toxicity to different extent in terms of growth and sucrose metabolism. Thus, the use of GA 3 and Kinetin may help to resist the arsenic toxicity in seedling stage, to some extent, in arsenic contaminated areas.

show abstract

“…Thus, it is clear from the data that the cultivars differed in their ability to grow as seedlings under high salinity levels. That wheat showed fairly large varietal differences to salt stress had also been reported earlier by Bhardwaj [40], Sarin and Narayanan [41], Sharma, et al [2], Sharma, et al [5], Sharma and Baijal, et al [3,4,15,16], Yadav [18]. Varietal differences to salt stress were also reported in other agricultural crops by several workers [2,5,13,[16][17][18][19][20]34,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47].…”

Section: Interactionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Salt Stress Genotypic Response: Wheat Cultivars Relative Tolerance of Certain to Salinity

Sharma¹

2015

Horticulture

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Forty two wheat (Triticum aestivum L) cultivars screened for their relative salt resistance raising seedlings in halfHoagland solution (control) salinized with NaCl and maintained at 4, 8, 12 and 16 dsm-1 showed a wide range of salt resistance. The growth response to salinity, judged by the shoot and root lengths, ranged from a stimulation in the case of some cultivars at lower salinity levels (4 and 8 EC) to a severe suppression in most of the cultivars at higher levels (12 and 16 EC). It was further observed that the shoot growth was often suppressed more than the root growth with this a level of 12 EC also found to be critical for most of the cultivars except HD-2160 which showed good stand even at a salinity level of 16 EC. Based on these observations, cultivar IWP-72 of the 42 cultivars tested was found to have the maximum sensitivity to salt stress whereas cultivar HD-2160 showed highest salt tolerance. The remaining 40 cultivars fell between the two extremes and were categorized into salt-sensitive, moderately salttolerant and salt-tolerant groups exhibiting more than 60% , 40-60% and less than 40% reduction respectively in shoot length at 12 EC dsm-1 over control.

show abstract

Effects of Soil Salinity and Growth Regulators on Germination and Seedling Metabolism of Wheat

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Amylase Synthesis and Stability in Crested Wheatgrass Seeds at Low Water Potentials

Amylase Synthesis and Stability in Crested Wheatgrass Seeds at Low Water Potentials

Enhancement Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Kinetin on Sucrose Metabolism in Mungbean Seedlings Under Arsenate Toxicity

Salt Stress Genotypic Response: Wheat Cultivars Relative Tolerance of Certain to Salinity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About