Effects of Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomato) against isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity in wistar albino rats

Abstract

Anti-tuberculosis drugs are reported to cause hepatotoxicity, which varies from asymptomatic rise of the hepatic enzymes. Hepatoprotective plants plays important role to protect liver. This study investigated the hepatoprotective potential of the Solanum lycopersicum in rats intoxicated with Isoniazid and Rifampicin (INH+RIF) to induce hepatotoxicity. Thirty wistar albino rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group 1 rats were kept control while groups II, III, IV and V were administered with INH+RIF (75+150 mg/kg) orally, for seven consecutive days. For treatment, rats in group III received silymarin while animals in group IV and V were provided with 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg of Solanum lycopersicum extract, respectively. On day 0 and 8th blood samples were collected for the analysis of hepatic biomarkers. The data were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc test for statistical analysis. Hepatotoxicity induced by INH+RIF resulted in significant elevation of serum hepatic enzymes including Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total bilirubin while decreased the albumin level. The Solanum lycopersicum at dose of 80 mg/kg significantly reduced the hepatic enzymes AST, ALT, ALP and bilirubin while the albumin level was significantly increased. The treatment had non-significant effect on body and liver weight. Drug induced hepatotoxicity can be effectively treated with Solanum lycopersicum at 80 mg/kg dose.

Alterations in histomorphology, biochemical parameters and gross morphometry in liver of albino rats following administration of rifampicin and isoniazid

“…The three (ALT, AST and ALP) selected liver biochemical parameters were determined to assess the effect of Rifampicin and Isoniazid on liver in adult albino rats. In cases where liver is damaged, these enzymes are usually released into the blood stream (Buabeid et al, 2022). In the present study, all the three biochemical parameters; ALP, AST and ALT in control (water and food ad-libitum) group were within the normal ranges with their means at 24.17±1.1, 60.43±3.4 and 74.67±5.7 respectively.…”

“…Gross morphometric measurements of the liver include weight, length, width and thickness. The measurements are vital in determining the gross changes on the liver between control and experimental groups (Buabeid et al, 2022). In this current study, the liver gross appearance was dark brown in colour with a smooth texture after administration of rifampicin and isoniazid.…”

Exposure to Pfaffia glomerata causes oxidative stress and triggers hepatic changes

“…Such scenario can be observed following exposure to different pollutants, including heavy metals, xenobiotics, carbon tetrachloride, and alcohol, which damage liver tissue and stimulate ROS production (Sreelatha et al, 2009). Plant species that are rich in alkaloids and flavonoids, such as the tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. (Buabeid et al, 2022) and Bubulcus ibis coromandus (Munir et al, 2022) may induce the increase in bilirubin, albumin, AST, ALT, ALP levels. In contrast, low ALT levels, as observed here, can be attributed to the action of plant polyphenols (Diab et al, 2020).…”

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“…Extraction of the plant was carried out by following the method previously used (Buabeid et al, 2022) and Percentage yield was calculated. The obtained extract was then transferred in glass vials and stored in refrigerator at 4ºC for further use.…”