Effects of solvent addition and ultrasound waves on viscosity reduction of residue fuel oil

Recent advances in applications of power ultrasound for petroleum industry

“…Based on neural network analysis, treatment time was found to be the dominant factor affecting ultrasonic viscosity reduction [99] . As the treatment time increases, crude oil undergoes three distinct phases [35] .…”

Ultrasound-assisted lipase catalyzed hydrolysis of aspirin methyl ester

“…The conversion rates increased by 10.87%, 18.26% and 23.29% for ultrasound-assisted reactions in the presence of water using triolein, CHCl 3 and DCM, respectively, when compared to WB reactions. This can be explained by the cavitation energy which is thought to accelerate the reaction rates by increasing the movement of liquid molecules, and thus the substrate's access to the active site is increased as well as the mass transfer [44]. At the same time, in the medium frequency equipment used, the irradiation of water with ultrasound leads to the breakdown, or sonolysis, of the liquid resulting in the formation of hydroxyl and hydrogen radicals ([OH .…”

The mechanism of ultrasonic irradiation effect on viscosity variations of heavy crude oil

“…In summary, the cavitation effect, mechanical effect, and thermal effect generated by ultrasonic action had a strong impact on the mixture system of heavy oil [24] , [25] , [26] . However, due to these effects and the complexity of heavy oil itself, though experimental results of this study can support the fact that the chemical structure could be changed with ultrasound, the mechanism by which that chemical structure had changed cannot be easily explained by only one or two effects caused by the ultrasound; thus, more methods need to be introduced to reveal the mechanism of ultrasonic effects on the variation of the heavy oil samples viscosity.…”