Effects of Somatostatin Analogs on a Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Secreting Bronchial Carcinoid,<i>in Vivo</i>and<i>in Vitro</i>Studies

Hoek, Mandy van; Hofland, Leo J.; Rijke, Yolanda B. de; Nederveen, Francien H. van; Krijger, R.R. de; Koetsveld, Peter M. van; Lamberts, Steven W. J.; Lely, Aart Jan van der; Herder, Wouter W. de; Feelders, Richard A

doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1712

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The siNET cell line KRJ-I demonstrated equal mRNA expression levels for SSTR1 and SSTR2 [3]. In most studies where the quantitative mRNA expression levels of SSTRs were studied, SSTR2 was more highly expressed than SSTR1 [40,41,42,43,44]. In general, there is a predominant expression of SSTR1 and SSTR2 mRNA in NETs, with highly variable mRNA expression levels [40,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

Adrichem¹,

Herder²,

Kamp³

et al. 2016

Neuroendocrinology

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Background: Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) express insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-related factors [IGF1, IGF2; insulin receptor (IR)-A, IR-B; IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) 1-3] as well as somatostatin (SSTRs) and dopamine D₂ receptors (D2Rs). Objectives: To (1) compare mRNA expression of IGF-related factors in human pancreatic NET (panNET) cell lines with that in human GEP-NETs to evaluate the usefulness of these cells as a model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) determine whether panNET cells produce growth factors that activate IR-A, and (3) investigate whether somatostatin analogs (SSAs) and/or dopamine agonists (DAs) influence the production of these growth factors. Methods: In panNET cells (BON-1 and QGP-1) and GEP-NETs, mRNA expression of IGF-related factors was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Effects of the SSAs octreotide and pasireotide (PAS), the DA cabergoline (CAB), and the dopastatin BIM-23A760 (all 100 nM) were evaluated at the IGF2 mRNA and protein level (by ELISA) and regarding IR-A bioactivity (by kinase receptor activation assay) in panNET cells. Results: panNET cells and GEP-NETs had comparable expression profiles of IGF-related factors. Especially in BON-1 cells, IGF2 and IR-A were most highly expressed. PAS + CAB inhibited IGF2 (-29.5 ± 4.9%, p < 0.01) and IGFBP3 (-20.0 ± 4.0%, p < 0.01) mRNA expression in BON-1 cells. In BON-1 cells, IGF2 protein secretion was significantly inhibited with BIM-23A760 (-23.7 ± 3.8%). BON-1- but not QGP-1- conditioned medium stimulated IR-A bioactivity. In BON-1 cells, IR-A bioactivity was inhibited by BIM-23A760 and PAS + CAB (-37.8 ± 2.1% and -30.9 ± 4.1%, respectively, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: (1) The BON-1 cell line is a representative model for studying the IGF system in GEP-NETs, (2) BON-1 cells produce growth factors (IGF2) activating IR-A, and (3) combined SSTR and D2R targeting with PAS + CAB and BIM-23A760 suppresses IGF2-induced IR-A activation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

Adrichem¹,

Herder²,

Kamp³

et al. 2016

Neuroendocrinology

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“…In contrast, the prevalence of zonulysis and phakodonesis has been extensively reported with PEX [1, 7, 14, 16,40,41,42,43,44]. Moreno et al [11] found a significantly higher incidence of iridophakodonesis in eyes with PEX having light-colored irides than in those with dark irides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many studies cataract surgery in the presence of PEX has been reported to be associated with increased risk of intraoperative and postoperative complications such as zonular dialysis, vitreous loss, prolonged corneal edema, sustained inflammatory reaction and lens decentration [6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]. Zonular instability, poorly dilating pupils, corneal endothelial changes and breakdown of the blood-aqueous barrier are the leading factors in increased intraoperative and postoperative complications in eyes with PEX [7, 14,26,27,28,29,30,31]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phacoemulsification in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

Akıncı¹,

Zilelioğlu²

2008

Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: To compare the incidence of intraoperative and early postoperative complications (IEPC), visual outcomes, and change in intraocular pressure (IOP) between eyes with and without pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) having cataract extraction by phacoemulsification. Material and Method: 800 eyes with PEX and 1,600 eyes without PEX having cataract extraction by phacoemulsification were included in this retrospective study. Evaluated parameters were incidence of IEPC, visual outcomes and change in IOP. χ² and Student’s t test were used for statistical analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in the incidence of IEPC and visual acuity gain between the two groups (p > 0.05). Rise in IOP in the early postoperative period was significantly higher in the PEX group (p < 0.02). Conclusion: Patients with PEX who have phacoemulsification can achieve results similar to patients without PEX. IOP control in the early postoperative period seems to be more important in patients with PEX.

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“…Treatment: Surgical removal of the tumor producing this ectopic hormone is the mainstay of therapy especially when no metastasis is detected with the resolution of acromegaly being evident with the first weeks of therapy [117][118]. Systemic therapy is necessary in patients with metastatic or inoperable disease and this includes chemotherapy and somatostatin analogues [119][120].…”

Section: /12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Review

Arabi¹

2015

EMIJ

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It is important for the endocrinologist and oncologist to recognize these paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes since this may help in defining the cancer type and hence lead to the appropriate management. In addition, these syndromes are a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Moreover, AbstractParaneoplastic endocrine syndromes result from ectopic production of hormones by different tumors. Hypercalcemia of malignancy is the most common, mostly caused by ectopic parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) production which increases bone resorption. Other causes include the rare ectopic parathyroid hormone (PTH) production, ectopic production of 1, 25-(OH)2 vitamin D by the tumor and its adjacent macrophages and bone metastasis which by itself in addition to the local production of PTHrP at the level of the bone lead to bone resorption and thus hypercalcemia. Treatment includes extracellular fluid volume repletion, bisphosphonates or denosumab and calcitonin. Ectopic Cushing's syndrome caused by ectopic ACTH production results in hypokalemia, proximal muscle weakness, easy bruisability, hypertension, diabetes and psychiatric abnormalities including depression and mood disorders. Different diagnostic measures help to differentiate Cushing's disease from ectopic Cushing's syndrome. Treatment includes surgical resection of tumor and medical therapy to suppress excess cortisol production. Ectopic secretion of ADH has been associated with different tumor types. The best treatment options include removal of the underlying tumor, chemotherapy, or radiotherapy in addition to free water restriction, demeclocycline and vaptans. Ectopic growth hormone releasing hormone secretion has been identified with carcinoids, phechromocytoma and other tumors. Surgery is the mainstay of therapy with systemic therapy used in metastatic disease. Other rare ectopic hormone syndromes have also been identified including ectopic prolactin, ectopic erythropoietin, and thrombopoetin in addition to others. Keywords 2/12paraneoplastic endocrine syndromes may be the first presenting feature of malignancy [2,3]. This paper provides an overview on the common PNES, their prevalence, diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment (Table 1). Methodology of Literature SearchEligible studies were identified by a search, from year 1920 up till February 2014, in Medline, PUBMED and EMBASE using a refined search strategy with several terms used including "endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes", "ectopic hormones", "humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy", "ectopic parathyroid hormone related peptide", "ectopic ACTH", "ectopic Cushing syndrome", "ectopic antidiuretic hormone", "syndrome of inappropriate ADH", "ectopic growth hormone releasing hormone", "ectopic growth hormone", "ectopic prolactin", "ectopic thyroid stimulating hormone" in addition to several others. In addition, searches of personal collections and the reference lists of eligible studies were identified with their full text papers being retrieved. A-Hypercalcemia of MalignancyHistorical Perspec...

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Effects of Somatostatin Analogs on a Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Secreting Bronchial Carcinoid,in Vivoandin VitroStudies

Abstract: In this case of a GHRH-producing bronchial carcinoid, we demonstrated that SOM230 was a potent inhibitor of GHRH production in vitro and was at least equally potent compared with OCT. Therefore, SOM230 may be a potential therapeutic agent to control GHRH secretion in ectopic acromegaly.

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

Effects of Somatostatin Analogs and Dopamine Agonists on Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2-Induced Insulin Receptor Isoform A Activation by Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor Cells

Phacoemulsification in Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome

Endocrine Paraneoplastic Syndromes: A Review

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