Effects of some insect growth regulators on natural enemies of scale insects (Hom.: Coccoidea)

Mendel, Zvi; Blumberg, D.; Ishaaya, I.

doi:10.1007/bf02372358

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…However, Balasubramani and Regupathy (1994) reported no effect of buprofezin on larval stages of C. carnea. Pyriproxyfen suppressed adult emergence of Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Declercq et al, 1995) and egg hatch in Elatophilus hebraicus Pericart (Mendel et al, 1994). Pyriproxyfen exposure in the nymphal stage caused some deformities in adult G. punctipes, but not O. insidiosus (Say), and no effects on reproduction were observed for either species (Naranjo and Prabhaker, unpublished).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Buprofezin had no measurable effects on survival, molting or reproduction of G. punctipes or O. insidiosus (Naranjo and Prabhaker, unpublished). The most dramatic negative effects of these IGRs have been demonstrated for coccinellid beetles inhabiting perennial systems (Hattingh and Tate, 1995;Magagula and Samways, 2000;Mendel et al, 1994;Smith et al, 1999). Although coccinellids were rare at our study site, we observed no consistent negative effects of either IGR on these taxa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chitin inhibitor buprofezin has a relatively narrow spectrum of activity against homopterous insects, while pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, has a broader spectrum of activity (Dhadialla et al, 1998;Ishaaya et al, 1988). Laboratory bioassay studies have found both compounds to be either benign (Balasubramani and Regupathy, 1994;Castane et al, 1996;Delbeke et al, 1997;Hoddle et al, 2001;Jones et al, 1995;Liu and Stansly, 1997;Peleg, 1988) or toxic (Chen and Liu, 2002;Declercq et al, 1995;Gerling and Sinai, 1994;Hattingh and Tate, 1995;Hoddle et al, 2001;Jones et al, 1998;Liu and Chen, 2000;Magagula and Samways, 2000;Mendel et al, 1994;Smith et al, 1999) to various predators and parasitoids. Few studies have examined the selectivity of these materials in the field (e.g., Naranjo et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: role of insect growth regulators in management of Bemisia tabaci

2004

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Field studies were conducted from 1997 to 1999 to contrast the effects of two insect growth regulators (IGRs) and conventional insecticides on natural enemy conservation in cotton within the context of alternative management strategies for Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). Compared with an untreated control, insecticide regimes based on the initial use of the IGR buprofezin or pyriproxyfen reduced densities of eight predator taxa out of 20 examined in at least one year, including common species such as Geocoris punctipes (Say), Nabis alternatus Parshley, Chrysoperla carnea s.l., and the empidid fly Drapetis nr. divergens. Patterns of predator and pest population change relative to IGR application dates suggest that factors other than direct toxic effects, such as reduction in prey availability, were likely involved. In comparison, the use of conventional insecticides reduced populations of nearly all the predatory taxa examined in most years, including those affected by IGRs, with the impact being greater and more immediate in all cases. Predator:prey ratios were significantly increased by the use of IGRs compared with both the untreated control and a conventional insecticide regime in most instances. The application of conventional insecticides for suppression of Lygus hesperus Knight, another key pest in the system, in a split-plot design reduced densities of most predator taxa and diminished the selective advantage of the IGRs. Rates of parasitism by aphelinid parasitoids (Eretmocerus eremicus Rose and Zolnerowich and Encarsia spp.) were generally low and did not vary consistently due to B. tabaci or L. hesperus insecticide regimes over the three years. Our 3-year study demonstrates the more selective action of buprofezin and pyriproxyfen in an effective integrated control system for B. tabaci. The use of these IGRs could further facilitate biologically based management in cotton production systems. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: role of insect growth regulators in management of Bemisia tabaci

2004

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“…Additionally, when the host parasitism rate was examined, no significant differences were found among all the agrochemicals tested, although copper oxychloride with a TC value of 2 could be seen as potentially slightly harmful. According to Mendel et al (1994), chlorfluazuron ingestion of Chilocorus bipustulatus adult females or dipping treatment of the eggs prevented emergence from the egg. Furthermore, in Diadegma semiclausum specimens that ingested chlorfluazuron, host parasitism was also significantly decreased (Haseeb et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of agrochemicals on life-history parameters of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Kobori

Amano

2004

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

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The contact and ingestion toxicities of selected agrochemicals applied at the standard field rate against adult females and pupae in host mummies of a native parasitoid Aphidius gifuensis were studied using several bioassays. Fresh residues of five insecticides (cartap, chlorfenapyr, emamectin benzoate, permethrin and imidacloprid) were found to be highly toxic against adult females as compared with the pupae in mummies. Evaluation of the residual effects of these five insecticides on cabbage foliage showed that cartap and imidacloprid were highly persistent. In the same assay, two IGRs (chlorfluazuron and lufenuron) and a fungicide (copper oxychloride) were harmless against adult females. When these agrochemicals were fed orally at the field rate, the mortality of adult females ranged from 13.3 to 46.7%. Ingestion of copper oxychloride had a slightly negative effect on parasitism.

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“…but not with parasitoid wasps of other pest species in citrus (Ishaaya et al 1992, Mendel et al 1994, Grafton-Cardwell et al 2006). There remains no clear evidence however, to pinpoint a cause for the change in pest status of M. gulosa thoughout its recorded history in southern California and the San Joaquin Valley.…”

Section: Marmara Gulosa In the San Joaquin Valley (Sjv) 1999 To Presentmentioning

confidence: 99%

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF Marmara gulosa GUILLÉN AND DAVIS IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY

Kirkland¹

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Biological control of Marmara gulosa Guillén and Davis in the San Joaquin ValleyCrystal Allina Kirkland Peelminer, Marmara gulosa Davis and Guillén, has been reported as a sporadic pest in California and Arizona since 1998. Marmara gulosa has been a persistent pest in the San Joaquin Valley of California (USA) since 1998. Prior to 2000 the only reports of high populations of citrus peelminer were in the Coachella Valley. The larval stages of M. gulosa create serpentine mines scarring the upper epidermal layers of citrus rind, rendering it unacceptable for fresh market sale.Chemicals have failed to provide adequate control of M. gulosa; thus, the use of natural enemies is considered the best long-term option. Cirrospilus coachellae Gates (Eulophidae: Eulophinae) is an effective gregarious parasite of peelminer in the Coachella Valley; however, attempts to establish this species in the San Joaquin Valley have so far been unsuccessful. Other natural enemies may be necessary to control peelminer in this region. The discovery of populations of the tetrastichine eulophid Hadrotrichodes waukheon LaSalle parasitizing M. gulosa in the San JoaquinValley indicates a possible option for biological control of this pest.Hadrotrichodes waukheon (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae) is a parasite of M. gulosa. Newly discovered morphological variations within the species are reported, including the first description of the male. New biological information including preferred life stage of host for parasitism, clutch sizes, male to female ratios and meconial positioning are included. Field studies demonstrated that one to four adult H. waukheon could emerge from a single M. gulosa larva, and later instar M. gulosa larvae were preferred. Hadrotrichodes waukheon is a gregarious, primary parasitoid and may be a candidate agent for biological control of M. gulosa. v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

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Effects of some insect growth regulators on natural enemies of scale insects (Hom.: Coccoidea)

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: role of insect growth regulators in management of Bemisia tabaci

Conservation of natural enemies in cotton: role of insect growth regulators in management of Bemisia tabaci

Effects of agrochemicals on life-history parameters of Aphidius gifuensis Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF Marmara gulosa GUILLÉN AND DAVIS IN THE SAN JOAQUIN VALLEY

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