Effects of Some Insecticides on Foraging honeybees on Onion Flowers under Field Condition

Melisie, Dawit; Damte, Tebkew

doi:10.25081/rrst.2017.9.3357

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Lower concentrations exhibited more conservative mortality rates. These findings align closely with previous studies by Farooqi et al (2015), Melisie et al (2015), Stanley et al (2015), Ratnakar et al (2017), Yeebo et al (2020, Farooqi et al (2020), and Gokulakrishnan et al (2021), all highlighting the high toxicity of profenophos to A. mellifera. These studies consistently report complete bee mortality within 24 to 48 hours of exposure, emphasizing the urgent need for effective mitigation strategies to protect honeybee populations from the adverse effects of profenophos and other agrochemicals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Ayoub,

Yaqoob,

Kanth

et al. 2024

Preprint

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European honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) plays a vital role as a pollinator, contributing significantly to global ecosystems and agricultural productivity. However, their populations are increasingly threatened, primarily due to exposure to pesticides, particularly organophosphates, commonly used in agriculture for pest control. In this study, insecticides including chlorpyriphos 20 EC, dimethoate 30 EC, and profenophos 50 EC were evaluated at various concentrations (0.005–0.09%) through topical and oral application methods. Results showed significant mortality in experimental bees across all concentrations of the insecticides, with higher mortality observed in oral exposure. Mortality increased with concentration and time, with chlorpyriphos 20 EC exhibiting mortality percentages ranging from 6.67–100%, dimethoate 30 EC from 0.00–100%, and profenophos 50 EC from 8.33–100%. Toxicity assessment revealed lowest LC50 values in chlorpyriphos 20 EC (0.008) and dimethoate 30 EC (0.007) through topical and oral methods at 24 hours after treatment (HAT), respectively. Relative toxicity, extrapolated from LD50 values, was highest in chlorpyriphos 20 EC (1.62) and dimethoate 30 EC (1.85) through topical and oral methods at 24 HAT, respectively. Profenophos 50 EC exhibited the lowest safety index (0.26) through topical application and dimethoate 30 EC (0.23) through oral application at 24 HAT. Overall, the study highlights the negative impact of insecticides on A. mellifera and underscores the urgent need for a comprehensive evaluation of the risks posed by current pest control practices to honey bees and other essential pollinators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Ayoub,

Yaqoob,

Kanth

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…All insecticide applications in cucumber cultivation using the recommended concentration to control pests caused the mortality of T. laeviceps bees. This result was similar to Melisie and Damte (2017) study that reported insecticide application on onions caused a decrease in visiting and the mortality of honeybees A. mellifera. Bajiya and Abrol (2017) also reported that the direct spray of insecticides in mustard crops caused a high mortality of A. mellifera compared to the untreated plot.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Toxicity Test of Synthetic Insecticides on Tetragonula laeviceps (Apidae: Meliponini)

Hasanah,

Mubin,

Sartiami

et al. 2023

HAYATI J Biosci

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Intense insecticide application is thought to cause a decline in bee colonies worldwide. Bees are effective pollinators in increasing the production of agricultural commodities. The stingless bee Tetragonula laeviceps (Apidae: Meliponini) is widely cultivated and found around plantations. The insecticides used in the toxicity test were imidacloprid 200 g/L, fipronil 50 g/L, lambda-cyhalothrin 25 g/L, profenofos 500 g/L, and chlorantraniliprole 50 g/L followed by a semi-field test using imidacloprid, fipronil, and profenofos insecticides on the cucumber plant. The LC50 value showed that exposure to imidacloprid, fipronil, and profenofos insecticides caused toxic effects on T. laeviceps by contact and orally. Lambda-cyhalothrin was found harmful on contact exposure, in contrast, chlorantraniliprole was harmful through oral. Classification of insecticide toxicity based on LD50 contact for imidacloprid, fipronil, lambda-cyhalothrin, and profenofos were very toxic and needed a risk assessment. However, chlorantraniliprole was classified as moderately toxic and low risk. In semi-field test results, imidacloprid and fipronil insecticides caused a significant decrease in the leave-return and bee-visiting activity on cucumber flowers. These insecticides also produced a low average yield of fruit weight. Insecticide application can affect the role of T. laeviceps as the pollinator which impacts the production of agricultural commodities.

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“…Diazinon 60% EC and malathion 50% EC caused 100% mortality via contact (Figure 3), while endosulfan 35% EC and chlorsulfuron 75% WG killed 63.63% and 90.82% experimental bees, respectively, (Figure 3) and except endosulfan 35% EC, all were comparably highly toxic like that of standard insecticides, dimethoate 40% EC (P � 0.829 − 1.00). Tis is in agreement with the fndings of Melisie et al [51] which showed that diazinon 60% EC and malathion 50% EC were highly toxic to honeybees when tested via contact. On the other hand, there was no signifcant contact toxicity difference between the negative control, water, and 2,4-D, glycel 41% EC, and mancozeb 80% WP through contact test (Table 4).…”

Section: Contact Toxicity Testsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Tis indicates that these pesticide incidents cause substantial honeybee mortality through vapor, which may be attributed to their fumy properties. Tis result is partiality in agreement with the work of Melisie et al [51], who indicated that some chemicals including diazinon 60% EC have potential to volatize even at room temperature, and Bezabeh and Gela [50], who showed that diazinon 60% EC caused high mortality on the central highlands honeybees, A, m. bandasii through vapor and ingestion. On the other hand 2,4-D, glycel 41% EC, 2,4-D + glycel 41% EC, mancozeb 80% WP, and malathion 50% EC were less poisonous pesticides than that of toxic standard and they are moderate toxic to honeybees via vapor.…”

Section: Vapor/fumigationsupporting

confidence: 89%

Evaluating the Impact of Commonly Used Pesticides on Honeybees (Apis mellifera) in North Gonder of Amhara Region, Ethiopia

Abay

Bezabeh

Gela

et al. 2023

Journal of Toxicology

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Global honeybee losses and colony decline are becoming continuous threat to the apicultural industry, as well as, for food security and environmental stability. Although the putative causes are still unclear, extensive exposure of bees to pesticides could be the possible factor for worldwide colony losses. This study was aimed at evaluating the impact of nine commonly used pesticide incidents on adult worker honeybees (A. mellifera) under the laboratory condition, in North Gonder of Amhara region, Ethiopia. Feeding test, contact test, and fumigation tests were carried out for each pesticide following the standard procedures, and each pesticide toxicity was compared to the standard toxic chemical, dimethoate 40% EC (positive control), and to 50% honey solution (negative control). The results revealed that all the tested pesticides caused significant deaths of the experimental bees ( P < 0.05 ) in all the tests when compared to the negative control. Diazinon 60% EC, endosulfan 35% EC, and malathion 50% EC were appeared highly toxic causing 100% mortality of bees, while chlorsulfuron 75% WG killed 90% of the experimental bees as tested via feeding. On the other hand, agro-2, 4-D and its mixture with glycel 41% EC are moderately toxic, and mancozeb 80% WP and glycel 41% EC were slightly toxic to honeybees as compared to the positive control (dimethoate 40% EC). Suddenly, diazinon 60% EC and malathion 50% EC triggered 100% mortality of bees, while endosulfan 35% EC and chlorsulfuron 75% WG caused 63.63% and 90.82% of bee mortality, respectively, when evaluated via contact test. The fumigation test also showed that chlorsulfuron 75% WG, diazinon 60% EC, and endosulfan 35% EC caused 100%, 86.7%, and 65.6% mortality rate of bees. Our result also highlighted that tested LD50 of all pesticide incidents were significantly lower than the manufacturer-based LD50. This shows that local honeybees A. m. jemenetica are extremely sensitive to commonly used agricultural pesticides, which may affect the colony level due to the intensive application of these pesticides in Ethiopia.

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Effects of Some Insecticides on Foraging honeybees on Onion Flowers under Field Condition

Cited by 9 publications

References 2 publications

Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

Comparative Acute Toxicity and Safety Indices of Organophosphate Insecticides on Apis mellifera

The Toxicity Test of Synthetic Insecticides on Tetragonula laeviceps (Apidae: Meliponini)

Evaluating the Impact of Commonly Used Pesticides on Honeybees (Apis mellifera) in North Gonder of Amhara Region, Ethiopia

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