Effects of sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer on forage yield, nitrogen‐ and water‐use efficiency and nutritive value of an annual triple‐crop complementary forage rotation

Islam, M. Khyrul; García, S. C.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.2011.00825.x

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…These results are consistent with previous studies for other crops species e.g. maize (Islam & Garcia 2012), smooth brome grass and orchard grass (Zemenchik & Albrecht 2002). Although there were marginal differences in DM yield between the 100 and 200 kg N ha −1 crops at the final harvest, these results highlight the opportunity of increasing efficiency by reducing total N input and reducing environmental pollution under fodder beet crops.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Growth, nitrogen partitioning and nutritive value of fodder beet crops grown under different application rates of nitrogen fertiliser

Chakwizira

Ruiter

Maley

2014

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Nitrogen (N) supply needs to be closely matched to crop demand to achieve optimum N use efficiency (NUE). Sub-optimal N supply can lead to poor yields, whereas excess N application may cause nitrate leaching and environmental pollution. An experiment with five rates of N: 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha −1 , was carried out at Lincoln, Canterbury, in New Zealand to define the effects of N supply on growth, N uptake and define how derived NUE may influence nutritive value of fodder beet production. Both dry matter (DM) yield and N uptake increased with N supply, by 39% and 129%, respectively, when 200 kg N ha −1 was applied, compared with the control plots. Leaf area index (LAI) also increased with N supply. However, the control crop did not attain critical LAI (LAI crit ) and those receiving 25 and 50 kg N ha −1 attained LAI crit for only a short period of time compared with crops supplied with ≥100 kg N ha −1 . This meant that they intercepted less radiation and subsequently had lower DM yield than the high N treatments. The specific leaf nitrogen increased 13% to 2.34 g N m −2 leaf when ≥50 kg N ha −1 was applied, compared with the control plots. The NUE decreased by 64% from 93 kg DM kg −1 N for the 25 kg N ha −1 plots compared with the 200 kg N ha −1 plots. Nitrogen rate had no effect on the nutritive value of fodder beet. The results suggest 100 kg N ha −1 was adequate for optimum DM production and N was important for canopy development and subsequent DM accumulation.Keywords: Beta vulgaris L.; critical leaf area index (LAI crit ); nitrogen use efficiency (NUE); uptake efficiency (NupE); utilisation efficiency (NutE); nutritive values and specific leaf nitrogen (SLN)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The aNUE of 34-93 kg DM kg −1 N applied in the current experiment was within the range of 41-140 kg DM kg −1 N applied (when recalculated excluding the yield of the control plots) for other forage crops e.g. silage maize (Islam & Garcia 2012) and the 29-96 kg DM kg −1 N for forage kale (Fletcher et al 2007). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Growth, nitrogen partitioning and nutritive value of fodder beet crops grown under different application rates of nitrogen fertiliser

Chakwizira

Ruiter

Maley

2014

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…During the second growth, a linear response of the N topdressing supply was observed (Figure 1c), with a 310% increase between the lowest and the highest N doses used for the topdressing. The response to the N rates observed during the second growth reaffirms the need to adjust the N rate and the application period to coincide with peak absorption by the grass and the improvement possible from use of the residual N from the previous crops (Islam and Garcia, 2012).…”

Section: Shoot Dry Matter Production Of Ruzi Grassmentioning

confidence: 67%

Influence of nitrogen on the production characteristics of ruzi grass

Batista¹,

Giacomini²,

Gerdes³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Agric. Res

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Understanding the action of the nitrogen (N) in grasses can aid in pasture management and increase the efficiency of this nutrient. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of N rates and of the available N from the previous crop on Brachiaria ruziziensis cv. Comum. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. The treatments were arranged in a 2×4 factorial design and were distributed according to a fully randomized block design with four replications. Two N rates (0 and 15 mg dm-3) were applied at grass planting and four N rates were applied as topdressing after the first cutting (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg dm-3). The grass was cut twice above-ground. The comparison between N rates applied at planting was made using F test, and the degrees of freedom of the N rates applied as topdressing were broken down into orthogonal polynomials. The N rate of 15 mg dm-3 applied at planting the ruzi grass promoted increases in the numbers of leaves and shoot dry matter production. During the second growth, N rates (15, 30 and 45 mg dm-3) applied as topdressing increased the number of leaves and the shoot dry matter production. The available N from the previous crop (soybean) was sufficient for the initial tillering of the ruzi grass. This study showed that the correct management of N fertilization is necessary for ruzi grass when grown after a previous crop (soybean).

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“…The use of complementary forage systems based on FCS as an option to maximize WP was reported in south-eastern Australia under non-limiting N and water conditions by Garcia et al (2008) and Islam and Garcia (2012) winter crops/maize triple crops (forage rape, persian clover [T. resupinatum L.], and field peas [Pisum sativum L.] as winter crops). These authors reported WP values ranging 3.4-6.1 g m -2 mm -1 for different N rates and sowing dates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling forage yield and water productivity of continuous crop sequences in the Argentinian Pampas

Ojeda

Pembleton

Caviglia

et al. 2018

European Journal of Agronomy

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In recent years, the use of forage crop sequences (FCS) has been increased as a main component into the animal rations of the Argentinian pasture-based livestock systems. However, it is unclear how year-by-year rainfall variability and interactions with soil properties affect FCS dry matter (DM) yield in these environments. Biophysical crop models, such as Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM), are tools that enable the evaluation of crop yield variability across a wide of environments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the APSIM ability to predict forage DM yield and water productivity (WP) of multiple continuous FCS. Thirteen continuous FCS, including winter and summer crops, were simulated by APSIM during two/three growing seasons in five locations across the Argentinian Pampas. Our modelling approach was based on the simulation of multiple continuous FCS, in which crop DM yields depend on the performance of the previous crop in the same sequence and the final soil variables of the previous crop are the initial conditions for the next crop. Overall, APSIM was able to accurately simulate FCS DM yield (0.93 and 3.2 Mg ha-1 for concordance correlation coefficient [CCC] and root mean square error [RMSE] respectively). On the other hand, the model predictions were better for annual (CCC=0.94; RMSE=0.4 g m-2 mm-1) than for seasonal WP (CCC=0.71; RMSE=1.9 g m-2 mm-1), i.e. at the crop level. The model performance to predict WP was associated with better estimations of the soil water dynamics over the long-term, i.e. at the FCS level, rather than the short-term, i.e. at the crop level. The ability of APSIM to predict WP decreased as seasonal WP values increased, i.e. for low water inputs. For seasonal water inputs, <200 mm, the model tended to under-predict WP, which was directly associated with crop DM yield under-predictions for frequently harvested crops. Even though APSIM showed some weaknesses in predicting seasonal DM yield and WP, i.e. at the crop level, it appears as a potential tool for further research on complementary forage crops based on multiple continuous FCS in the Argentinian livestock systems.

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Effects of sowing date and nitrogen fertilizer on forage yield, nitrogen‐ and water‐use efficiency and nutritive value of an annual triple‐crop complementary forage rotation

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Growth, nitrogen partitioning and nutritive value of fodder beet crops grown under different application rates of nitrogen fertiliser

Growth, nitrogen partitioning and nutritive value of fodder beet crops grown under different application rates of nitrogen fertiliser

Influence of nitrogen on the production characteristics of ruzi grass

Modelling forage yield and water productivity of continuous crop sequences in the Argentinian Pampas

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