Effects of soy isoflavones on mammographic density and breast parenchyma in postmenopausal women

Delmanto, Armando; Nahás-Neto, Jorge; Traiman, Paulo; Uemura, Gilberto; Pessoa, Eduardo Carvalho; Nahás, Eliana Aguiar Petri

doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3182850270

Cited by 33 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The mean difference in MD% was 0.69% for all women combined (−1.10% in postmenopausal women and 1.83% in premenopausal women) (6). No significant differences in mammographic density between soy and placebo groups were reported in two other trials that supplemented soy isoflavones or placebo for 10 months (32 soy vs 34 placebo) (43) and 12 months (65 soy vs 65 placebo) (44). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Double-Blind Randomized 12-Month Soy Intervention Had No Effects on Breast MRI Fibroglandular Tissue Density or Mammographic Density

Spicer

García

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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Soy supplementation by breast cancer patients remains controversial. No controlled intervention studies have investigated the effects of soy supplementation on mammographic density in breast cancer patients. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled intervention study in previously treated breast cancer patients (n=66) and high-risk women (n=29). We obtained digital mammograms and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans at baseline and after 12 months of daily soy (50 mg isoflavones per day) (n=46) or placebo (n=49) tablet supplementation. The total breast area (MA) and the area of mammographic density (MD) on the mammogram was measured using a validated computer-assisted method, and mammographic density percent (MD% = 100 × MD/MA) was determined. A well-tested computer algorithm was used to quantitatively measure the total breast volume (TBV) and fibroglandular tissue volume (FGV) on the breast MRI, and the FGV percent (FGV% = 100 × FGV/TBV) was calculated. On the basis of plasma soy isoflavone levels, compliance was excellent. Small decreases in MD% measured by the ratios of month 12 to baseline levels, were seen in the soy (0.95) and the placebo (0.87) groups; these changes did not differ between the treatments (P=0.38). Small decreases in FGV% were also found in both the soy (0.90) and the placebo (0.92) groups; these changes also did not differ between the treatments (P=0.48). Results were comparable in breast cancer patients and high-risk women. We found no evidence that soy supplementation would decrease mammographic density and that MRI might be more sensitive to changes in density than mammography.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Double-Blind Randomized 12-Month Soy Intervention Had No Effects on Breast MRI Fibroglandular Tissue Density or Mammographic Density

Spicer

García

et al. 2015

Cancer Prevention Research

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“…1, after full text assessment, 69 studies were excluded due to inappropriate study design, inappropriate population/exposure studies, or gender specific estimates missing. The remaining 23 RCTs [15][16][17][18][19][20][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] were included in the review and meta-analysis. In total 1880 postmenopausal women (1130 in intervention arm and 750 in placebo arm) were included in the meta-analysis of 23 RCTs.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Rctsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoestrogen supplementation and body composition in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

et al. 2018

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Phytoestrogen-based medications are commonly used by menopausal women, and especially by obese postmenopausal women, to relieve menopausal symptoms. Substitution of animal with soy protein is often used in weight loss regimens, yet the effect of phytoestrogens, the main constituent of soy foods, on body composition is not completely understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the associations between phytoestrogen supplementation and body weight and the main parameters of body composition in postmenopausal women. A literature search was done using 5 electronic databases from inception to April 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with postmenopausal women comparing phytoestrogen supplementation followed by usual diet and placebo were included in the present meta-analysis. From 5932 references, we identified 23 RCTs that met our inclusion criteria, with a total of 1880 postmenopausal women. No association was observed between phytoestrogen supplementation and body weight, body mass index, waist and hip circumference, total fat mass or percentage of body fat. However, the use of phytoestrogens supplementation was associated with a slight decrease in waist-hip ratio; the pooled mean difference was -0.01 cm (95%CI: -0.01 to -0.006). In subgroup analysis, we found a modest decrease in body weight with phytoestrogens supplementation compared with placebo in healthy postmenopausal women [pooled mean difference of changes -0.28 kg (95%CI: -0.52 to -0.04)] and in RCTs with a median number of participants of 66 or less [pooled mean difference of changes -0.49 kg (95%CI: -0.87 to -0.11)]. In contrast, phytoestrogen supplementation was associated with increased body weight in postmenopausal women with preexisting metabolic disorders (prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, prehypertension and hyperlipidemia) [pooled mean difference of changes: 0.78 kg (95%CI: 0.53-1.03)]. In addition, there were some indications that some types of phytoestrogens, such as daidzein, but not soy products or isoflavone mix, could lead to modest adverse changes in body composition in menopausal women. Therefore, future studies should investigate the potential adverse effects of phytoestrogen supplementation on body composition among postmenopausal women.

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“…For the evaluation, EFSA selected 43 human studies and 62 animal studies. Among these studies were four epidemiological studies investigating breast cancer incidence (Rebbeck et al , ; Obi et al , ; Brasky et al , ; Boucher et al , ), eight interventional controlled studies, measuring mammographic density (Morabito et al , ; Atkinson et al , ; Marini et al , ; Powles et al , ; Verheus et al , ; Maskarinec et al , ; Colacurci et al , ; Delmanto et al , ), and two interventional controlled studies, investigating histopathological changes (Cheng et al , ; Khan et al , ). These studies did not reveal an association between isoflavone exposure and adverse effects in the mammary gland (EFSA ANS Panel, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential health effects of dietary phytoestrogens

Rietjens

Louisse

Beekmann

2016

British J Pharmacology

418

246

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Phytoestrogens are plant‐derived dietary compounds with structural similarity to 17‐β‐oestradiol (E2), the primary female sex hormone. This structural similarity to E2 enables phytoestrogens to cause (anti)oestrogenic effects by binding to the oestrogen receptors. The aim of the present review is to present a state‐of‐the‐art overview of the potential health effects of dietary phytoestrogens. Various beneficial health effects have been ascribed to phytoestrogens, such as a lowered risk of menopausal symptoms like hot flushes and osteoporosis, lowered risks of cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, brain function disorders, breast cancer, prostate cancer, bowel cancer and other cancers. In contrast to these beneficial health claims, the (anti)oestrogenic properties of phytoestrogens have also raised concerns since they might act as endocrine disruptors, indicating a potential to cause adverse health effects. The literature overview presented in this paper illustrates that several potential health benefits of phytoestrogens have been reported but that, given the data on potential adverse health effects, the current evidence on these beneficial health effects is not so obvious that they clearly outweigh the possible health risks. Furthermore, the data currently available are not sufficient to support a more refined (semi) quantitative risk–benefit analysis. This implies that a definite conclusion on possible beneficial health effects of phytoestrogens cannot be made.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc

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Effects of soy isoflavones on mammographic density and breast parenchyma in postmenopausal women

Abstract: The use of soy isoflavone extract for 10 months does not affect breast density, as assessed by mammography and US, in postmenopausal women.

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Double-Blind Randomized 12-Month Soy Intervention Had No Effects on Breast MRI Fibroglandular Tissue Density or Mammographic Density

Double-Blind Randomized 12-Month Soy Intervention Had No Effects on Breast MRI Fibroglandular Tissue Density or Mammographic Density

Phytoestrogen supplementation and body composition in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

The potential health effects of dietary phytoestrogens

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