Effects of Soybean and Rice Bran Oil Supplementation on Nutrient Utilization, Lactation Performance, Milk Fatty Acid Profile and Ruminal Fermentation in Surti Goats

Abstract

A study was conducted to observe the effect of soybean and rice bran oil supplementation onnutrient utilization, lactation performance and ruminal fermentation in Surti goats. Twentyfour multiparous lactating Surti does were distributed into four homogenous groups for entirelactation of 150 days. Control group (CON) was offered a basal diet consisting of compoundconcentrate mixture, green jowar and pigeon pea straws without any oil supplementation,while other treatment groups were additionally supplemented with soybean oil @ 3% of DMI(SBO), rice bran oil @ 3% of DMI (RBO) and equi-propotional blend of soybean oil and ricebran oil @ 3.0 % of DMI (SRBO). DM, CP, NDF and ADF intake (g/d) and digestibility (%)remained statistically (p>0.05) similar amongst dietary treatments groups. EE intake (g/d)and digestibility (%) was significantly (p<0.01) improved in all three oils supplementedgroups as compared to control but values between oils supplemented groups remained at par(p>0.05). Nitrogen balance of experimental groups remained unaffected (p>0.05) and all theanimals were under positive nitrogen balance. Milk yield (kg/d), milk fat, SNF, protein,lactose, FCM and ECM yields (g/d) were significantly (p<0.05) increased in oilssupplemented groups as compared to control. Feed efficiency in terms of MY/DMI andFCM/DMI significantly (p<0.05) improved in SBO, RBO and SRBO as compared to CON.Soybean and rice bran oil supplementation either alone or in combination significantlyreduced (p<0.05) SCFA, MCFA, SFA with increased LCFA and PUFA in milk. However,values between oils supplemented groups remained at par (p>0.05). Oil supplementationincreased (p<0.001) oleic acid (C18:1 n-9) and linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6) in SBO, RBO andSRBO as compared to CON while, linolenic acid (C18:3 n-9) remained non significantamongst treatments. Lipid quality indices (LQI) like atherogenicity index, thrombogenicityindex and hypocholesterolaemic/hypercholesterolaemic (h/H) index were significantlyimproved in all the oils supplemented groups as compared to control. Rumen pH, totalnitrogen and its fractions (ammonia N, TCA precipitable N and soluble N) remained similar(p>0.05) amongst treatment except TVFA. Thus, supplementation of soybean oil and ricebran oil either alone or in combination in lactating goat can be effectively used to improveboth nutritional quantity and quality of milk.