Effects of sphingosylphosphorylcholine on cryopreserved fat tissue graft survival

Abstract

Autogenous microfat grafting is widely used to augment depressed deformities or for other cosmetic purposes. Since the microfat survival rate is unpredictable due to absorption and calcification, previously cryopreserved fat is widely used for secondary procedures. Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC) is a lysophospholipid, which has a role in several cellular responses, and is known to stimulate DNA synthesis and proliferation. Since endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are known to enhance the survival rate of transplanted fat tissue, the present study assessed the effects of SPC on EPCs, in order to verify its positive effects on proliferation. Cryopreserved human fat tissues mixed with various concentrations of SPC were grafted into the nude mouse model. After grafting, the viability of each SPC mixed group was determined and compared with that of the non‑SPC group. SPC exhibited a positive effect on EPC proliferation and angiogenic potential over 3 days when used at specific concentrations. The fat grafts of the 3 µM SPC‑treated group weighed significantly more and the volume was markedly increased, as compared with the control group. A reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction was conducted on the total RNA extracted from SPC‑treated fat tissues, which detected increased mRNA expression levels of matrix metallopeptidase‑9 and tumor necrosis factor‑α compared with in the control group. These results indicate that specific concentrations of SPC may exert favorable effects on grafted cryopreserved human fat tissue, which may be due to the increased mRNA expression levels of genes associated with angiogenesis.

Effects of increased proliferation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells by sphingosylphosphorylcholine on the survival of cryopreserved fat grafts

“…In addition, the biphasic effect of SPC on proliferation has been observed in other cell types. We recently reported that SPC treatment of cryopreserved fat graft tissue improved fat survival and peaked when the fat was supplemented with 3 μM SPC [22]. Based on the results of the previous study, 3 μM SPC was used in the present animal study.…”

Role of Sphingosylphosphorylcholine in Tumor and Tumor Microenvironment

“…For example, SPC induces chemotactic migration of human and bovine endothelial cells equal to the response that was exerted by vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) [127]. SPC also induces mRNA expression associated with angiogenesis in cryopreserved transplanted human fat tissues [128]. Moreover, SPC has been associated with rapid downregulation of Edg1, a S1P-specific receptor involved in endothelial cell chemotaxis [127].…”