Effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) as a drinking water supplement during cyclical chronic heat stress on broiler chickens: Assessing algal composition, production, stress, health and immune-biochemical indices

Kolluri, Gautham; Gopi, M.; Yadav, A. S.; Kumar, Akhilesh; Kumar, Manoj; Tyagi, J.S.; Rokade, J.J.; Prabakar, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.103100

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…However, we added it to drinking water in the form of oral liquid, and some studies showed that the effect of adding it to drinking water was better than that of adding it to feed. Adding drugs into drinking water was more beneficial to the absorption of broilers and reduced the dosage of drugs, thus playing a greater role [ 29 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano Oil Combined with Macleaya Cordata Oral Solution Improves the Growth Performance and Immune Response of Broilers

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Animals

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The abuse of AGPs in animal husbandry has led to severe problems such as drug resistance and ecological, and environmental destruction, which seriously threaten human health and public health security. In recent years, extracts of oregano oil and macleaya cordata have become a hot spot in the research and application of AGP substitutes for their safety and high efficiency. This study is the first to report the effect of oregano oil combined with macleaya cordata oral solution on broiler growth performance. A total of 960 one-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into four treatment groups (240 chickens per group). Each treatment group was divided into six replicate groups (40 birds per replicate group). There were four groups in this study: the solvent control group, the oregano essential oil combined with macleaya cordata extract oral solution group (OS group), the oregano essential oil oral solution group (OEO group), and the macleaya cordata extract oral solution group (MCE group). Two chickens from each replicate group were collected and mixed into a composite sample. Six composite samples were obtained for each treatment group. The results showed that the oregano oil combined with macleaya cordata oral solution significantly improved the growth performance of broiler chickens. At the same time, serum biochemical indices, serum antioxidant indices, serum immune indices, serum cytokines, and intestinal morphology were significantly improved by the OS group. This study shows that oregano oil combined with macleaya cordata oral solution has substantial potential to be an alternative to AGPs for broilers.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oregano Oil Combined with Macleaya Cordata Oral Solution Improves the Growth Performance and Immune Response of Broilers

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…SP by 15 and 20 g/L raised blood protein concentration and reduced serum fat content and transaminases. SP by 20 g/L significantly improved humoral immunity against ND vaccination and cell-mediated immunity to phytohemagglutinin-P. (82) S. platensis at levels of 0, 5, and 10 g kg-1 individually and in combination with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at 0, 0.1, and 0.2 mg.kg-1…”

Section: White Broilersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary supplementation of S. platensis in broiler hens has shown to alleviate the adverse effects of high ambient temperature, including impaired enzymatic antioxidant system, raised stress hormone, and altered lipid profile ( 84 ). There was a dose-related modification of productivity, physiological, and immunological parameters when chickens under heat stress were given Spirulina in drinking water or feed ( 78 , 82 ). Additionally, in ovo injection of S. platensis improved the broiler embryo’s ability to tolerate heat in the last days of incubation ( 22 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Spirulina On the Managemental And Nutritional Sho...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Spirulina platensis as a feed supplement for poultry to enhance growth performance and immune modulation

et al. 2023

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Increase in drug resistance as well as ineffective immunization efforts against various pathogens (viruses, bacteria and fungi) pose a significant threat to the poultry industry. Spirulina is one of the most widely used natural ingredients which is becoming popular as a nutritional supplement in humans, animals, poultry and aquaculture. It contains protein, vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, pigments, and essential amino acids. Moreover, it also has considerable quantities of unique natural antioxidants including polyphenols, carotenoids, and phycocyanin. Dietary supplementation of Spirulina can beneficially affect gut microbial population, serum biochemical parameters, and growth performance of chicken. Additionally, it contains polyphenolic contents having antibacterial effects. Spirulina extracts might inhibit bacterial motility, invasion, biofilm formation, and quorum sensing in addition to acting directly on the bacterium by weakening and making the bacterial cell walls more porous, subsequently resulting in cytoplasmic content leakage. Additionally, Spirulina has shown antiviral activities against certain common human or animal viruses and this capability can be considered to exhibit potential benefits against avian viruses also. Spirulan, a calcium-rich internal polysaccharide of Spirulina, is potentially responsible for its antiviral effect through inhibiting the entry of several viruses into the host cells, boosting the production of nitric oxide in macrophages, and stimulating the generation of cytokines. Comparatively a greater emphasis has been given to the immune modulatory effects of Spirulina as a feed additive in chicken which might boost disease resistance and improve survival and growth rates, particularly under stress conditions. This manuscript reviews biological activities and immune-stimulating properties of Spirulina and its potential use as a dietary supplement in poultry to enhance growth, gut health and disease resistance.

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“…The AI and TI levels were similar to those found in the breast meat of broilers fed a commercial basal diet [ 67 ]. The present findings can be attributed to the high levels of A. platensis , since previous studies showed no significant effect on such indices in the egg yolk of laying hens feeding a diet with up to 3% of A. platensis [ 68 ], or in the serum of broiler chickens drinking up to 20 g of microalga /L [ 69 ]. In addition, the peroxidizability index decreased with microalga treatments in the thigh meat, which was due to a reduction of n-6 PUFA, and, consequently, total PUFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of high dietary inclusion of Arthrospira platensis, either extruded or supplemented with a super-dosing multi-enzyme mixture, on broiler growth performance and major meat quality parameters

Costa,

Spínola,

Tavares

et al. 2024

BMC Vet Res

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Background This investigation assessed the effects of high dietary inclusion of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) on broiler chicken growth performance, meat quality and nutritional attributes. For this, 120 male broiler chicks were housed in 40 battery brooders (three birds per brooder). Initially, for 14 days, a standard corn and soybean meal diet was administered. Subsequently, from days 14 to 35, chicks were assigned to one of the four dietary treatments (n = 10 per treatment): (1) control diet (CTR); (2) diet with 15% Spirulina (SP); (3) diet with 15% extruded Spirulina (SPE); and (4) diet with 15% Spirulina plus a super-dosing enzymes supplement (0.20% pancreatin extract and 0.01% lysozyme) (SPM). Results Throughout the experimental period, both SP and SPM diets resulted in decreased final body weight and body weight gain compared to control (p < 0.001), with the SPE diet showing comparable results to CTR. The SPE diet prompted an increase in average daily feed intake (p = 0.026). However, all microalga treatments increased the feed conversion ratio compared to CTR. Dietary inclusion of Spirulina notably increased intestinal content viscosity (p < 0.010), which was mitigated by the SPM diet. Spirulina supplementation led to lower pH levels in breast meat 24 h post-mortem and heightened the b* colour value in both breast and thigh meats (p < 0.010). Furthermore, Spirulina contributed to an increased accumulation of total carotenoids, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and saturated fatty acids (SFA), while diminishing n-6 PUFA, thus altering the n-6/n-3 and PUFA/SFA ratios favourably (p < 0.001). However, it also reduced zinc concentration in breast meat (p < 0.001). Conclusions The findings indicate that high Spirulina levels in broiler diets impair growth due to increased intestinal viscosity, and that extrusion pre-treatment mitigates this effect. Despite reducing digesta viscosity, a super-dosing enzyme mix did not improve growth. Data also indicates that Spirulina enriches meat with antioxidants and n-3 PUFA but reduces α-tocopherol and increases saturated fats. Reduced zinc content in meat suggests the need for Spirulina biofortification to maintain its nutritional value.

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Effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) as a drinking water supplement during cyclical chronic heat stress on broiler chickens: Assessing algal composition, production, stress, health and immune-biochemical indices

Cited by 11 publications

References 61 publications

Oregano Oil Combined with Macleaya Cordata Oral Solution Improves the Growth Performance and Immune Response of Broilers

Oregano Oil Combined with Macleaya Cordata Oral Solution Improves the Growth Performance and Immune Response of Broilers

Potential of Spirulina platensis as a feed supplement for poultry to enhance growth performance and immune modulation

Effects of high dietary inclusion of Arthrospira platensis, either extruded or supplemented with a super-dosing multi-enzyme mixture, on broiler growth performance and major meat quality parameters

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