Objective: In-play betting is a novel form of sports betting that allows players to make continuous bets during a game. The present study examined the dispositional and contextual correlates of in-play sports betting and related harms. Method: Participants were 84 individuals (73.81% men, M age = 41.02) who engaged in in-play betting. Participants first completed an online questionnaire including measures of problem gambling severity, childhood trauma, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation. Participants then completed a 14-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study involving completing brief surveys twice per day. EMA surveys assessed in-play betting behaviors, motives, contexts, and harms. Results: A total of 1,365 EMA surveys were completed, of which 32.89% involved placing at least one in-play bet. A total of 77 (91.67%) participants placed at least one in-play bet during the study period. Participants reported greater in-play betting involvement (the number of bets placed, money spent) and an increased likelihood of experiencing in-play betting-related financial and relationship harms when using substances while betting and when motivated to place in-play bets by an interest in sports or to "be in the game." Participants, who used substances during a greater proportion of in-play betting occasions, who more frequently endorsed coping motives for in-play betting, and who exhibited elevated problem gambling severity, reported greater in-play betting involvement and the likelihood of experiencing in-play betting-related harms overall. Conclusions: Responsible gambling initiatives targeting contextual risk factors, such as using alcohol and cannabis while in-play betting, may help to reduce the intensity of in-play betting and its associated harms.
Public Health Significance StatementThe present study found that both dispositional factors, such as childhood trauma, impulsivity, and problem gambling severity, as well as contextual factors, such as simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use and social influences (e.g., friends betting), were associated with in-play betting intensity and associated harms. Although dispositional factors may be resistant to change, it may be possible to modify contextual factors, for example abstaining from alcohol and cannabis use while placing in-play bets, to reduce the harms associated with in-play betting.