Effects of stand variables on stemflow and surface runoff in pine-oak forests in northern Mexico

Cruz-Garcia, Francisco; González, José Carlos Monarrez; Tecle, Aregai; Wehenkel, Christian; Pérez-Verdín, Gustavo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0235320

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Overall, our study was consistent with those that have reported increases in surface runoff following forest harvest treatments [23,24]. Changes in runoff were greater following larger reductions in basal area.…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Contrarywise, Mediterranean forests with 18% removal did not show increase in water yield during the first and second year after cutting [31]. Cruz-Garcia, et al, found that the minimum SR values were observed in forests with a basal area higher than 20 m 2 ha -1 [23]. Rivera-Ruiz, et al, [32] in a river basin in central Mexico, found values of 0.03%, 0.09%, 2.14%, and 4.92% SR for forest plantations with pine, native grassland, grass, and soil without vegetation, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The paucity of information precludes the implementation of forest management practices that combine water regulation and timber production in the most productive ways, while at the same time minimizing the impacts on other ecosystem services, such as erosion control and biodiversity conservation. In northern Mexico, a few studies have been conducted to assess the relationship between temperate forest cover and surface runoff, stemflow, and throughfall [23,24]. Even though they obtained consistent results, there is a need to continue investigating this relationship to improve forest management decision-making here and in other parts of the country.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of water yield to silvicultural treatments in a temperate forest in northern Mexico

Monárrez González,

Lopez-Gonzalez,

Marquez-Linares

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Forest management modifies tree cover, directly influencing various ecosystem services, such as water regulation. Evapotranspiration, water interception, surface runoff, stemflow, and throughfall are among those processes that depend on tree cover. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in water yield, defined as the difference between precipitation and evapotranspiration, after the application of silvicultural treatments in a temperate forest ecosystem in northern Mexico. Fifteen experimental plots were established in which the following treatments were applied: intensive management (clearcutting), semi-intensive management (selection, tree cutting of 59–61% of basal area), conservative management (selection, tree cutting of 29–31% of basal area), and no treatment (control group). Incident precipitation, throughfall, stemflow, net precipitation, interception, and surface runoff were analyzed. Results show that conservative management treatments increase water yield between 2 to 3.6 mm per m-2 ha-1 of tree basal area removed. Water flow distribution, in relation to the incident precipitation, ranged from 72.3 to 91.8% for throughfall, 0.2 to 0.4% for stemflow, 72.7 to 91.8% for net precipitation, 8.19 to 27.42% for interception or evaporation, and 0.54 to 1.93% for surface runoff. The conservative management treatment was the most viable alternative for increasing water yield without compromising timber harvesting and loss of soil due to hydric erosion.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of water yield to silvicultural treatments in a temperate forest in northern Mexico

Monárrez González,

Lopez-Gonzalez,

Marquez-Linares

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…Most of the resources required for plant development are found in the soil [12,17,[22][23][24][25], and soil physical and chemical properties strongly influence species composition at the local scale [12,16,17], while influencing tree distribution even more strongly than climate in some temperate forests [9]. Therefore, climate and soil variables are together strong predictors of the occurrence of some plant species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Environmental Factors on Forest Understorey Species in Northern Mexico

Maciel-Nájera

González‐Elizondo

Hernández-Díaz

et al. 2021

Forests

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Background: Understorey plants are key to maintaining forest structure and functioning. They protect the soil, improve its structure and fertility, reduce water run-off and sustain the below-ground biota, amongst other ecological services. However, little is known about the environmental conditions that regulate the occurrence of these plants. This study focuses on determining how canopy cover influences the occurrence of understorey species and identifying the most important soil properties that affect these species. The study area was a pine-oak forest in the Sierra Madre Occidental, an important source of ecological services for northwestern Mexico. Methods: To assess the conditions influencing the presence of herbaceous and shrub species, 25 soil variables were examined in relation to the species occurring in forest gaps and under the canopy. Sampling was conducted in five plots, each of 100 × 100 m. In each plot, 4 subplots, each of 20 × 20 m, were each subdivided in a grid of 2 × 2 m units, in which the presence-absence of herbaceous and shrub species was recorded (2000 units in total). Soil samples were extracted for analysis from the central point in each subplot. Data were analyzed using a Binomial Logistic Model (BLM) and Random Forest (RF) classification. Results: Understorey species were more strongly affected by soil variables than by their location in gaps or below canopy. The concentrations of Ca, P, K, Fe, Na, C, Zn, Mn, nitrates, organic matter, sand, silt, and percentage water saturation were statistically significantly associated with the presence of some plant species, whilst no significant differences were found in regard to preference for gaps or canopy, although several species were more frequent in open areas. Conclusions: Given the importance of the understorey cover in forest system functioning, we propose that understorey should be considered in integrated management and conservation practices for the temperate forests of northern Mexico.

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Effects of tree mortality on the estimation of stemflow yield in a self‐thinning coniferous plantation

Jeong

Otsuki

2021

Ecohydrology

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Tree mortality by self-thinning is an inevitable consequence of the long residence times of standing trees in unmanaged coniferous plantations. Stemflow (SF) is an important localized input of rainwater into the soil in forest ecosystems. However, little information is available on how tree mortality affects SF yields. We took weekly measurements from 16 trees in a 20 Â 10 m plot containing 50 trees in a dense unmanaged Japanese cypress plantation from April to October 2017. These 16 trees were classified into two groups: standing-live SF trees (n = 11, tree height [H]: 13.4 ± 1.1 m, DBH: 18.5 ± 3.8 cm, crown projection area [CPA]: 5.4 ± 0.8 m 2 , average ± standard deviation) and standing-dead SF trees (n = 5, H: 7.9 ± 1.4 m, DBH: 10.0 ± 1.9 cm, CPA: 0.0 ± 0.0 m 2 ). Because the smaller standing-dead trees with no crown were all positioned under the canopy of standing-live trees, the mean tree-scale SF volume (SFV tree ) of standing-dead trees was approximately 10.3 times smaller than that of standing-live trees. The much smaller SFV tree of standing-dead trees was also explained by the basal area (3.5-fold smaller) and the tree-scale SF funnelling ratio (FR tree , 2.9-fold smaller). SFV tree of standing-dead trees was so small that the ratio of stand-scale SF (SF stand ) to gross rainfall (GR) (SF stand /GR) was similar regardless of whether standing-dead trees were excluded or included (21.4% vs. 21.6%) in SF stand calculations, indicating that SF stand /GR could be reliably estimated using only standing-live trees.

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Effects of stand variables on stemflow and surface runoff in pine-oak forests in northern Mexico

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Response of water yield to silvicultural treatments in a temperate forest in northern Mexico

Response of water yield to silvicultural treatments in a temperate forest in northern Mexico

Influence of Environmental Factors on Forest Understorey Species in Northern Mexico

Effects of tree mortality on the estimation of stemflow yield in a self‐thinning coniferous plantation

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