Effects of Steel – Applied for Large-Dimension Castings for the Power Engineering – Refining in The Ladle-Furnace

Kalandyk, B.; Wojtal, W.

doi:10.2478/amm-2013-0071

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…It is characteristic that manganese was not always found in the areas identified as sulphides (Fig. 4a, 5b, 6) or contained in much smaller quantities than in cast steel [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Examinations in Corners of the Low-Carbon Steel Slabs from Continuos Caster Machine

Kwinta

Kara

Kalandyk

et al. 2016

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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The exposed selvedge layers in slabs cast by the continuous process should be free from surface defects, which in most cases appear in the form of cracks on the casting surface and run to its interior. In addition to the parameters of the casting process, the occurrence of such defects depends on the chemical composition of cast steel, on the segregation of surface active elements and formation of the precipitates of carbides, nitrides and other phases. Due to the frequent occurrence of defects in corners of the slabs, non-destructive testing was performed on the mechanically cleaned surfaces of slabs. The test material was low-carbon API(American Petroleum Institute API 5L standard) steel micro alloyed with Nb and Ti designed for the production of pipes to handle gas, oil and other liquid and gaseous fuels. Despite the use of different methods of inspection, i.e. ultrasonic, magnetic particle and penetrant, cracks were not traced in the examined material. Then, from the corners of the examined slabs, specimens were cut out for metallographic examinations. The main purpose of these examinations was to disclose the presence of possible cracks and micro cracks on the surfaces transversal and longitudinal to the direction of casting. At the same time, studies were conducted to establish the number and morphology of non-metallic inclusions in selvedge layers of the slab corners and axis. Additionally, hardness of the slabs was measured. The conducted studies revealed only some minor differences in the slab hardness along its axis (130 ÷ 135 HB) and in selvedge layers (120 ÷ 123 HB).

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“…It is characteristic that manganese was not always found in the areas identified as sulphides (Fig. 4a, 5b, 6) or contained in much smaller quantities than in cast steel [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Examinations in Corners of the Low-Carbon Steel Slabs from Continuos Caster Machine

Kwinta

Kara

Kalandyk

et al. 2016

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

Self Cite

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“…The following slag-phase elements participate in this process [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculation of Assimilation Process of Non-metallic Inclusions by Slag

Kalisz

2017

jcme

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This paper presents the results of calculating the phenomenon of the absorption of non-metallic precipitates in steel by slag. Calculations are made for the forces acting on the non-metallic particles in steel during the flow-out into the slag, depending on the particle radius and physicochemical properties of the liquid steel and slag. An analysis of the calculation results of capillary force acting on a particle in the vicinity of the steel-slag interface at changing surface energy values between the precipitates and slag shows that capillary force depends on the interfacial tension between the precipitates and slag only to a small degree.

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“…The alloys additions are introduced during secondary metallurgical treatment on the ladle furnace stand. In addition, during the ladle furnace treatment, the metal purity required for alloy steels, as measured by low contents of sulphur, non-metallic inclusions and gases, is obtained [5][6][7][8]. However, achieving the 95% of chemical homogenization of steel, its refining and heating up to the casting temperature will require energy and time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Homogenization Of Liquid Steel Flowed Through Continuous Casting Slab Tundish During Alloying Process

Cwudziński¹

2015

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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This paper presents the results of research on the behaviour of an alloy addition in steel flowing through the tundish used for casting slabs. The device under examination is a wedge-shaped single-nozzle tundish of a capacity of 30 Mg. Due to the complexity of alloy addition dissolution and dispersion in metallurgical processes, a decision was made to use the Species Model available within the Ansys-Fluent R program. For describing the turbulence, the Realizable k-ε model was chosen. By defining the heat losses on respective planes making up the virtual model, the non-isothermal conditions existing during the flow of liquid steel through the tundish were considered. From the performed numerical simulations, the fields of steel flow and steel temperature and alloy addition concentration in the tundish working space were obtained. In order to accurately illustrate the process of chemical homogenization in the tundish working space, mixing curves were recorded. Based on the obtained results (mixing curves), the mixing time needed for achieving the 95% level of chemical homogenization was calculated.Keywords: tundish, steel flow, numerical modeling, chemical homogenization, alloy addition Praca przedstawia wyniki badań zachowania się dodatku stopowego w stali przepływającej przez kadź pośrednią stosowaną do odlewania wlewków płaskich. Rozpatrywanym obiektem jest jedno-wylewowa kadź pośrednia o kształcie klina i pojemności nominalnej 30 Mg. Do opisu zachowania się dodatku stopowego w ciekłej stali zastosowano model "Species" dostępny w programie Ansys-Fluent R . Do opisu turbulencji zastosowano model Realizable k-ε. Poprzez zdefiniowanie strumieni cieplnych na poszczególnych płaszczyznach wirtualnego modelu otrzymano przepływ ciekłej stali przez kadź pośrednią w warunkach nieizotermicznych. Na podstawie wykonanych symulacji numerycznych otrzymano pola przepływu i temperatury ciekłej stali oraz rozkładu stężenia dodatku stopowego. W trakcie symulacji numerycznej zarejestrowano również krzywe mieszania. Na podstawie krzywych mieszania wyznaczono czas mieszania wymagany do osiągnięcia 95% poziomu homogenizacji chemicznej.

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Effects of Steel – Applied for Large-Dimension Castings for the Power Engineering – Refining in The Ladle-Furnace

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Microstructure Examinations in Corners of the Low-Carbon Steel Slabs from Continuos Caster Machine

Microstructure Examinations in Corners of the Low-Carbon Steel Slabs from Continuos Caster Machine

Calculation of Assimilation Process of Non-metallic Inclusions by Slag

Chemical Homogenization Of Liquid Steel Flowed Through Continuous Casting Slab Tundish During Alloying Process

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