Effects of strain on the band structure of group-III nitrides

Yan, Qimin; Rinke, Patrick; Janotti, Anderson; Scheffler, Matthias; Walle, Chris G. Van de

doi:10.1103/physrevb.90.125118

Cited by 118 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…∆µ ZnO must be greater than the critical energy for nucleation in order to maintain the NW growth. [39] The out-of-plane phase switching image for the ordered three-phase "nanoman"like structure in Figure 4b further confirms the ferroelectric response. This results in a uniform distribution of ZnO NW diameter growing inside Au-BTO matrix.…”

Section: Nanocompositessupporting

confidence: 59%

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO₃–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Misra

Zhang

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

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spintronics, [2] multiferroics, [3] and quantum systems. [4] Several two-phase nanocomposite systems, exhibiting multilayer or nanowire morphology, have been demonstrated for achieving enhanced physical properties, including ferroelectricity, [5] ferromagnetism, [6] magnetoresistance, [7] and exotic optical properties such as optical magnetism, [8] negative refraction, [9] and hyperbolic dispersion. [10] For example, hyperbolic metamaterials with ordered and anisotropic metal-dielectric nanocomposite designs support the propagation of high wavevectors. [11] Since very few hyperbolic materials exist naturally, this artificially engineered nanocomposite approach provides a multifunctional platform to realize such materials with applications in subdiffraction imaging, [12] sensing, [13] waveguiding, [14] and also offers an opportunity to achieve coupled electric, magnetic, and optical responses. However, due to the availability of a limited range of structures in terms of crystallinity and morphology, a greater design flexibility and a structural complexity along with versatile growth techniques are needed for developing next generation integrated photonic and electronic devices. This can be achieved by incorporating a third phase through the three-phase nanocomposite designs by judicious selection of materials and functionalities.Besides material selection, the spatial ordering of the phases has great impacts on the overall functionalities of nanocomposite materials. Previous efforts to grow ordered ceramicmetal nanocomposites have focused on applying patterning techniques such as anodized alumina oxide (AAO) templates, [15] e-beam lithography, [16] focused ion beam (FIB), [17] and substrate nanotemplate. [18] In contrast, a self-assembly approach for fabricating such ordered oxide-metal nanocomposites is costeffective and overcomes the resolution limitation and complex fabrication steps. Controlled synthesis of such self-assembled complex hybrid nanostructures with desired ordering and epitaxial quality remains a challenge. Specifically, large difference in surface energy, growth kinetics, and high tendency of oxidation and interdiffusion between vastly different phases remains as a major challenge and imposes difficulties in ordering control. Despite the recent success of the self-assembled epitaxial Complex multiphase nanocomposite designs present enormous opportunities for developing next-generation integrated photonic and electronic devices. Here, a unique three-phase nanostructure combining a ferroelectric BaTiO 3 , a wide-bandgap semiconductor of ZnO, and a plasmonic metal of Au toward multifunctionalities is demonstrated. By a novel two-step templated growth, a highly ordered Au-BaTiO 3 -ZnO nanocomposite in a unique "nanoman"-like form, i.e., self-assembled ZnO nanopillars and Au nanopillars in a BaTiO 3 matrix, is realized, and is very different from the random three-phase ones with randomly arranged Au nanoparticles and ZnO nanopillars in the BaTiO 3 matrix. The ordered three-phase "nanoman"-like structu...

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Section: Nanocompositessupporting

confidence: 59%

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO₃–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Misra

Zhang

et al. 2018

Advanced Materials

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“…[20], as well as analytical band structures fitted to our in-house density functional theory calculations. The density functional calculations use the Heyd-Scuseria Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid functional, which has been shown to reproduce band gaps in a good agreement with experimental values [21], [22]. In terms of device-level characteristics, the most important difference between the band structures of Ref.…”

Section: Band Structurementioning

confidence: 98%

Bipolar Monte Carlo simulation of hot carriers in III-N LEDs

Kivisaari

Sadi

et al. 2015

2015 International Conference on Simulation of Semiconductor Processes and Devices (SISPAD)

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Abstract-We carry out bipolar Monte Carlo (MC) simula tions of electron and hole transport in a multi-quantum well light-emitting diode with an electron-blocking layer. The MC simulation accounts for the most important interband recom bination and intraband scattering processes and solves self consistently for the non-quasiequilibrium transport. The fully bipolar MC simulator results in better convergence than our previous Monte Carlo-drift-diffusion (MCDD) model and also shows clear signatures of hot holes. Accounting for both hot electron and hot hole effects increases the total current and decreases the efficiency especially at high bias voltages. We also present our in-house full band structure calculations for GaN to be coupled later with the MC simulation in order to enable even more detailed predictions of device operation.

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“…Step bunches aligned along [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] are observed as a result of the macroscopic 2 miscut of the bulk m-plane substrate, but the surface in between the step bunches is flat and smooth. The typical step-height is $30 nm.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, by combining the CL, and TEM data, we show unequivocally that the low energy emission features originate from the step bunches where InGaN MQWs form on the semi-polar facets. 13 By calculating the emission wavelength using a kÁp perturbation approach, 15,16 we can show that the large red-shift on the semi-polar facet QW can be mainly attributed to the significant increase in indium content and partly due to a change in the QW thickness. The internal electric fields are not the main factor, and the change of growth orientation, from m-plane to semi-polar (3-30-2) plane, only results in a negligible red-shift.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Local carrier recombination and associated dynamics in m-plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells probed by picosecond cathodoluminescence

Zhu

Gachet

Tang

et al. 2016

Applied Physics Letters

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We report on spatially resolved and time-resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) studies of the recombination mechanisms of InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QWs) grown by metal-organic vapour phase epitaxy on bulk m-plane Ammono GaN substrates. As a result of the 2° miscut of the GaN substrate, the sample surface exhibits step bunches, where semi-polar QWs with a higher indium concentration than the planar m-plane QWs form during the QW growth. Spatially resolved time-integrated CL maps under both continuous and pulsed excitation show a broad emission band originating from the m-plane QWs and a distinct low energy emission originating from the semi-polar QWs at the step bunches. High resolution time-resolved CL maps reveal that when the m-QWs are excited well away from the step bunches the emission from the m-plane QWs decays with a time constant of 350 ps, whereas the emission originating semi-polar QWs decays with a longer time constant of 489 ps. The time constant of the decay from the semi-polar QWs is longer due to the separation of the carrier wavefunctions caused by the electric field across the semi-polar QWs.

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Effects of strain on the band structure of group-III nitrides

Cited by 118 publications

References 71 publications

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO₃–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO₃–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Bipolar Monte Carlo simulation of hot carriers in III-N LEDs

Local carrier recombination and associated dynamics in m-plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells probed by picosecond cathodoluminescence

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Effects of strain on the band structure of group-III nitrides

Cited by 118 publications

References 71 publications

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO3–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO3–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Bipolar Monte Carlo simulation of hot carriers in III-N LEDs

Local carrier recombination and associated dynamics in m-plane InGaN/GaN quantum wells probed by picosecond cathodoluminescence

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Product

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Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO₃–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method

Self‐Assembled Ordered Three‐Phase Au–BaTiO₃–ZnO Vertically Aligned Nanocomposites Achieved by a Templating Method