Effects of Stress and Strain on Wave Velocities in Compacted Sand-kaolinite and Kaolinite-smectite

Bhuiyan, Mohammad Hossain; Kolstø, Morten I.; Holt, R.M.

doi:10.3997/2214-4609.20149086

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Organic matter is also a common component for shales [31,32]. Clay minerals form the load-bearing framework in shales [33,34]. Clay minerals are the key factor in the water-shale interaction and will be detailed discussed in Subsection 2.2.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Shale Clay Minerals Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Generation of Fractures and Change of Permeability due to Water-Shale Interaction in Shales

et al. 2022

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In shale development, water-based liquids are injected into the formations. In this process, water can interact with shales, especially with clay content. The interaction can lead to some phenomena, including clay swelling, reduction of mechanical properties of shales and fractures, generation and propagation of fractures, particle detachment, and permeability change. All the phenomena can impact productivity during the development, thereby impacting our investment and return on investment (ROI). So far, many researchers have put their time and efforts into this topic, and many articles have been published. However, some discrepancies still exist in shale reservoirs regarding the role of the interaction between water and shale, especially the impact of clay swelling. Some believe that clay swelling causes formation damage, mainly impairing shale permeability. Others state that fractures can be induced because of clay swelling, leading to the enhancement of shale permeability. So far, few articles have reviewed the various views on this interaction. Additionally, the relationship between each phenomenon is not discussed. In this paper, we try to draw a clear picture of water-shale interaction by reviewing the published studies, mainly focusing on experimental methodology and experimental results. Based on the review, we summarized the influencing factors as well as the mechanisms about the formation of fractures and change of permeability due to water-shale interaction. In water-shale interaction, the induced fractures are generated by the combined effects from clay swelling, reduction of mechanical properties of shales and fractures, and stress anisotropy. Shale permeability can be enhanced if the generated fractures can form an effective flow channel. However, if the generated fractures cannot serve as an effective flow channel, shale permeability will be impaired by clay swelling, water blocking, stress-sensitive, etc.

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Section: Characteristics Of Shale Clay Minerals Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the Generation of Fractures and Change of Permeability due to Water-Shale Interaction in Shales

et al. 2022

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“…However, a few experimental approaches have been developed with the aim of understanding the effects of stress unloading on rock properties for overconsolidated (OC) sediments (Holt ; Nygård et al . ; Bhuiyan, Kolstø and Holt ; Grande et al . ; Dræge et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such experiments lead to a good collection of data that can be utilized for geomechanics and seismic integration for normal consolidation (NC) stress conditions. However, a few experimental approaches have been developed with the aim of understanding the effects of stress unloading on rock properties for overconsolidated (OC) sediments (Holt 1994;Nygård et al 2004;Bhuiyan, Kolstø and Holt 2011;Grande et al 2011;Draege et al 2014;Avseth and Lehocki 2016). More studies can mature the understanding of the subject and increase the collection of database for seismic and geomechanical applications such as reservoir compaction and time-lapse seismic studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stress reduction on geomechanical and acoustic relationship of overconsolidated sands

Narongsirikul

Mondol

Jahren

2019

Geophysical Prospecting

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A B S T R A C TRelationship between different geomechanical and acoustic properties measured from seven laboratory-tested unconsolidated natural sands with different mineralogical compositions and textures were presented. The samples were compacted in the uniaxial strain configuration from 0.5 to 30 MPa effective stress. Each sand sample was subjected to three loading-unloading cycles to study the influence of stress reduction. Geomechanical, elastic and acoustic parameters are different between normal compaction and overconsolidation (unloaded and reloaded). Stress path (K 0 ) data differ between normal consolidated and overconsolidated sediments. The K 0 value of approximately 0.5 is founded for most of the normal consolidated sands, but varies during unloading depending on mineral compositions and textural differences. The K 0 and overconsolidation ratio relation can be further simplified and can be influenced by the material compositions. K 0 can be used to estimate horizontal stress for drilling applications. The relationship between acoustic velocity and geomechanical is also found to be different between loading and unloading conditions. The static moduli of the overconsolidated sands are much higher than normal consolidated sands as the deformation is small (small strain). The correlation between dynamic and static elastic moduli is stronger for an overconsolidation stage than for a normal consolidation stage. The results of this study can contribute to geomechanical and acoustic dataset which can be applied for many seismic-geomechanics applications in shallow sands where mechanical compaction is the dominant mechanism.

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Variation of shear and compressional wave modulus upon saturation for pure pre-compacted sands

Bhuiyan

Holt

2016

Geophys. J. Int.

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Effects of Stress and Strain on Wave Velocities in Compacted Sand-kaolinite and Kaolinite-smectite

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Review of the Generation of Fractures and Change of Permeability due to Water-Shale Interaction in Shales

Review of the Generation of Fractures and Change of Permeability due to Water-Shale Interaction in Shales

Effects of stress reduction on geomechanical and acoustic relationship of overconsolidated sands

Variation of shear and compressional wave modulus upon saturation for pure pre-compacted sands

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