Effects of Stress on the Urinary Excretory Pattern of Niacin Catabolites, the Most Reliable Index of Niacin Status, in Humans.

Okamoto, Hidemi; Ishikawa, Aya; Nishimuta, Mamoru; Kodama, Naoko; Yoshitake, Yutaka; Fukuwatari, Tsutomu; Shibata, Katsumi

doi:10.3177/jnsv.48.417

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Total blood niacin concentrations in this study were similar to previous reports for total-blood niacin ranging from 6.89 to 7.93 μg/mL (Dufva et al, 1983;Campbell et al, 1994;Zimbelman et al, 2010). The decrease in blood niacin concentration during thermal stress is in agreement with reports of increased niacin metabolism in humans subjected to stress (Okamoto et al, 2002). Because niacin has been shown to be directly and indirectly cytoprotective against heat stress in vitro (Collier et al, 2008), it is not surprising that niacin metabolism might increase during thermal stress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A dose-response evaluation of rumen-protected niacin in thermoneutral or heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows

Rungruang

Collier

Rhoads

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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Twenty-four multiparous high-producing dairy cows (40.0±1.4kg/d) were used in a factorial design to evaluate effects of 2 environments [thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS)] and a dose range of dietary rumen-protected niacin (RPN; 0, 4, 8, or 12g/d) on body temperature, sweating rate, feed intake, water intake, production parameters, and blood niacin concentrations. Temperature-humidity index values during TN never exceeded 68 (stress threshold), whereas temperature-humidity index values during HS were above 68 for 24h/d. The HS environment increased hair coat and skin, rectal, and vaginal temperatures; respiration rate; skin and hair coat evaporative heat loss; and water intake and decreased DMI (3.5kg/d), milk yield (4.1kg/d), 4% fat-corrected milk (2.7kg/d), and milk protein yield (181.7g/d). Sweating rate increased during HS (12.7g/m(2) per h) compared with TN, but this increase was only 10% of that reported in summer-acclimated cattle. Niacin supplementation did not affect sweating rate, dry-matter intake, or milk yield in either environment. Rumen-protected niacin increased plasma and milk niacin concentrations in a linear manner. Heat stress reduced niacin concentration in whole blood (7.86 vs. 6.89μg/mL) but not in milk. Reduced blood niacin concentration was partially corrected by dietary RPN. An interaction existed between dietary RPN and environment; dietary RPN linearly increased water intake in both environments, but the increase was greater during HS conditions. Increasing dietary RPN did not influence skin temperatures. During TN, supplementing 12g/d of RPN increased hair coat (unshaved skin; 30.3 vs. 31.3°C at 1600h) but not shaved skin (32.8 vs. 32.9°C at 1600h) temperature when compared with 0g/d at all time points, whereas the maximum temperature (18°C) of the room was lower than skin temperature. These data suggest that dietary RPN increased water intake during both TN and HS and hair coat temperature during TN; however, core body temperature was unaffected. Thus, encapsulated niacin did not improve thermotolerance of winter-acclimated lactating dairy cows exposed to moderate thermal stress in Arizona.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A dose-response evaluation of rumen-protected niacin in thermoneutral or heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows

Rungruang

Collier

Rhoads

et al. 2014

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…In current literature and guidelines, the 24-h urinary excretion of N 1 -MN as a breakdown product of NAD + is conceived the gold standard biomarker for assessment of niacin status [20,21]. Considerable evidence has, however, implied this biomarker to be responsive to multiple physiological and pathological factors [50][51][52][53][54][55], and most recently to renal function [30], and noted opposing shifts of 2Py excretion in parallel to N 1 -MN excretion [30,54]. Given the furthermore presumed presence of increased enzymatic conversion of N 1 -MN to 2Py in conditions of renal function impairment [30,55,56], additional interpretation of 2Py, rather than N 1 -MN alone, is indicated to address niacin status in KTR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Excretion of N1-Methylnicotinamide and N1-Methyl-2-Pyridone-5-Carboxamide and Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients

et al. 2020

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It is unclear whether niacin nutritional status is a target for improvement of long-term outcome after renal transplantation. The 24-h urinary excretion of N1-methylnicotinamide (N1-MN), as a biomarker of niacin status, has previously been shown to be negatively associated with premature mortality in kidney transplant recipients (KTR). However, recent evidence implies higher enzymatic conversion of N1-MN to N1-methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide (2Py) in KTR, therefore the need exists for interpretation of both N1-MN and 2Py excretion for niacin status assessment. We assessed niacin status by means of the 24-h urinary excretion of the sum of N1-MN and 2Py (N1-MN + 2Py), and its associations with risk of premature mortality in KTR. N1-MN + 2Py excretion was measured in a longitudinal cohort of 660 KTR with LS-MS/MS. Prospective associations of N1-MN + 2Py excretion were investigated with Cox regression analyses. Median N1-MN + 2Py excretion was 198.3 (155.9–269.4) µmol/day. During follow-up of 5.4 (4.7–6.1) years, 143 KTR died, of whom 40 due to an infectious disease. N1-MN + 2Py excretion was negatively associated with risk of all-cause mortality (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.47–0.79; p < 0.001), and infectious mortality specifically (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.29–0.75; p = 0.002), independent of potential confounders. Secondary analyses showed effect modification of hs-CRP on the negative prospective association of N1-MN + 2Py excretion, and sensitivity analyses showed negative and independent associations of N1-MN and 2Py excretion with risk of all-cause mortality separately. These findings add further evidence to niacin status as a target for nutritional strategies for improvement of long-term outcome in KTR.

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A serum metabolomics signature of hypothermia fatalities involving arginase activity, tryptophan content, and phosphatidylcholine saturation

et al. 2018

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Effects of Stress on the Urinary Excretory Pattern of Niacin Catabolites, the Most Reliable Index of Niacin Status, in Humans.

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

A dose-response evaluation of rumen-protected niacin in thermoneutral or heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows

A dose-response evaluation of rumen-protected niacin in thermoneutral or heat-stressed lactating Holstein cows

Urinary Excretion of N1-Methylnicotinamide and N1-Methyl-2-Pyridone-5-Carboxamide and Mortality in Kidney Transplant Recipients

A serum metabolomics signature of hypothermia fatalities involving arginase activity, tryptophan content, and phosphatidylcholine saturation

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