Effects of strobe lights on the behaviour of freshwater fishes

Kim, Jaewoo; Mandrak, Nicholas E.

doi:10.1007/s10641-017-0653-7

Cited by 18 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Temporal reduction in visual sensitivity could explain why studies have reported varied results in the efficacy of strobe lights in modulating fish swimming behaviour (Flammang et al ., ; Hamel et al ., ; Kim & Mandrak, ; Miehls et al ., ; Mussen et al ., ; Stewart et al ., ). Many of these studies also examined the effect of a multi‐modal non‐physical barrier and combined strobe lights with sound or bubbles and reported mixed results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…For the past 60 years, strobe lights have been investigated as a method to modulate fish behaviour with varied results (Brown, ; Noatch & Suski, ; Popper & Carlson, ; Schilt, ). While some recent studies have found strobe lights to be effective in deterring or altering fish swimming (Hamel et al ., ; Kim & Mandrak, ), others found no effect on behaviour (Flammang et al ., ; Miehls et al, ; Mussen et al, ; Stewart et al ., ; Table ). The efficacy of strobe lights affecting fish behaviour most likely depends on the species’ visual and spectral sensitivity and environmental conditions, such as ambient light and water turbidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The effect of light stimuli on dark‐adapted visual sensitivity in invasive silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixand bighead carpH. nobilis

Vetter

Rogers

Mensinger

2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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Non‐physical barriers, including the use of underwater strobe lights alone or paired with sound or bubbles, are being considered as a means to prevent the upstream migration of invasive silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and bighead carp H. nobilis. To optimize potential optical deterrents, it is necessary to understand the visual sensitivity of the fishes. Dark‐adapted H. molitrix and H. nobilis were found to possess broad visual sensitivity between 470 to 620 nm with peak spectral sensitivity at 540 nm for H. molitrix and 560 nm in H. nobilis. To assess the effect of a strobe light on vision, dark‐adapted H. molitrix, H. nobilis and common carp Cyprinus carpio, were exposed to three different 5 s trains (100, 200, or 500 ms on–off flashes) of white light and the recovery of visual sensitivity was determined by measuring the b‐wave amplitude of the electroretinogram (ERG). For all species, the longest recoveries were observed in response to the 500 ms flash trains (H. molitrix mean ± SE = 702.0 ± 89.8 s; H. nobilis 648.0 ± 116.0 s; C. carpio 480 ± 180.0 s). The results suggest that strobe lights can temporarily depress visual sensitivity, which may render optical barriers less effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of light stimuli on dark‐adapted visual sensitivity in invasive silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixand bighead carpH. nobilis

Vetter

Rogers

Mensinger

2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…More recent advances in light technology include the development of light emitting diodes (LED), compact and powerful lights that can provide illumination in different colours and strobe rates (low or high frequency) and with greater energy efficiency. For these reasons, strobing LEDs show promise for use in the behavioural guidance of freshwater fishes (Elvidge et al ., ; Ford et al ., ; Jesus et al ., ; Kim & Mandrak, ; Sullivan et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coloured LED light as a potential behavioural guidance tool for age 0 and 2 year walleye Sander vitreus

Ford

Elvidge

Patrick³

et al. 2019

Journal of Fish Biology

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Based on existing laboratory research on the visual physiology of walleye Sander vitreus, we tested colours of known spectral sensitivity (i.e., green and orange) using constant and strobing (5 Hz) illumination with an LED‐based light guidance device (LGD). Hatchery‐reared age 0 and 2 years S. vitreus were exposed to these four light combinations as well as an unilluminated control treatment during day and night trials. Age 2 years S. vitreus generally avoided the LGD when light was produced (negative phototaxis) compared with the control, with continuous illumination having a greater effect than strobing. The proportions of both age 0 and 2 year fish exiting illuminating zones of the trial arena did not differ with light colour or strobe rate, suggesting that phototactic behaviours in S. vitreus do not change with ontogeny in these age classes. Our findings confirm that typical behavioural responses of S. vitreus to light stimuli are characterised by avoidance and provide evidence that the use of light for behavioural guidance (deterrence) may be effective at reducing entrainment and impingement of this species on hydraulic barriers during migrations, independent of ontogenetic stage.

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“…Especially strobe light was examined in terms of its ability to induce avoidance behaviour in different fish species. Several studies show a negative effect of strobe light on the behaviour of fish (Kim & Mandrak, ; de Oliveira Mesquita, Pereira Godinho, Guimarães de Azevedo, & Young, ; Richards, Chipps, & Brown, ; Sullivan, Wilson, & Gutowsky, ). Furthermore, in some cases, increased levels of the stress hormone cortisol showed that strobe light induced a physiological stress response (Richards et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the numerous studies on this topic that have been conducted with different fish species, site conditions, light sources, light intensities and flash frequencies do not indicate a consistent picture. In some cases, the fish also showed no response to the strobe light, and sometimes even a phototactic effect was observed (Flammang, Weber, & Thul, ; Kim & Mandrak, ; Noatch & Suski, ). Anyway, the long lasting exposure to fast repetitive stroboscopic flashes with a frequency of 1 up to 16 flashes per second is hardly comparable with irregularly repeated camera flashes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flash photography does not induce stress in the Ram cichlid Mikrogeophagus ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948) in aquaria

Knopf

Buschmann

Hansel³

et al. 2018

J Appl Ichthyol

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Summary The Ram cichlid Mikrogeophagus ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948) was used to examine whether flash photography can be a stressor for fish in aquaria. The point in time of the highest cortisol concentration in whole‐body homogenates was determined by the temporal course of the cortisol response following air exposure as stressor. Thus, the potential stress response to camera flashlight was examined 22 min after exposure to a single flash and after repeated flashes by applying 10 flashes per minute for 8 hr/day over 2 weeks. In both experiments the stress parameters cortisol and glucose were not increased due to exposure to the flash light. In contrast, after a single flash mean cortisol values tended to be lower and mean glucose values were significantly lower than in the control group, and after repeated flashes mean cortisol and glucose values were significantly lower than in the control group. Furthermore, treated fish showed less intraspecific aggressive interactions. These results can be explained by a possible dazzling or irritation of the fish by camera flashes, thus reducing the natural aggressive behaviour and, consequently, the concentration of stress hormones and mobilisation of glucose. In summary, the physiological stress parameters cortisol and glucose do not reveal that flash photography induces stress in M. ramirezi, and, on the contrary, might even reduce stress effects by lowering intraspecific aggressive behaviour of the fish.

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Effects of strobe lights on the behaviour of freshwater fishes

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

The effect of light stimuli on dark‐adapted visual sensitivity in invasive silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixand bighead carpH. nobilis

The effect of light stimuli on dark‐adapted visual sensitivity in invasive silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixand bighead carpH. nobilis

Coloured LED light as a potential behavioural guidance tool for age 0 and 2 year walleye Sander vitreus

Flash photography does not induce stress in the Ram cichlid Mikrogeophagus ramirezi (Myers & Harry, 1948) in aquaria

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