“…The production and characterization of new materials that can meet the physicochemical, mechanical, and biochemical needs of human body parts by doping dual ions to the hydroxyapatite structure are among the studies that are frequently performed. St and Er (Mahmood et al, 2020), Tb and Gd (Liu et al, 2014), Fe and Se (Alshemary, Engin Pazarceviren, Tezcaner, & Evis, 2018), St and Mn (Huang et al, 2016), Eu and Gd (Chen et al, 2011), Co and Mg (Kulanthaivel et al, 2015), Ce and Sm (Kaygili et al, 2021) ions were doped in HA structure to investigated the effect on the structural, mechanical, magnetic, and luminescence properties of HA. Also in these studies were aimed to produce materials with improved biological and physicochemical properties by investigating bioactivity, osteogenesis, and angiogenic processes (Aina et al, 2012; Cacciotti, 2019; Chen et al, 2011; Evis & Webster, 2011; Hidouri, Dorozhkin, & Albeladi, 2019; Kulanthaivel et al, 2015; Mansour, El‐Dek, Dorozhkin, & Ahmed, 2017; Safarzadeh et al, 2019; Stanić et al, 2010).…”