Effects of Strontium on the Structural, Optical, and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Ba₂Ti₉O₂₀ Ceramics Synthesized by a Mixed Oxide Route

Abstract

Solid solutions of Sr-doped barium nonatitanate (Ba 2 Ti 9 O 20 ) ceramics were synthesized by a mixed oxide route, studied their structural, microstructural, optical, and microwave dielectric properties were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) has been used to reveal the structure and crystallite size of doped Ba 2 Ti 9 O 20 ceramics. Rietveld refinements of XRD patterns revealed that all of the ceramics have a tetragonal structure with space group I 4/ m . The surface morphologies of all the samples were characterized by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) studies gave the O–H and Ti–O modes of vibrations. The stretching modes of Ti–O and O–H were noted at 1400, 2960, 3700, and near to 440 cm –1 , respectively. The band gap energy decreases with increasing Sr 2+ contents, and a high value (2.12 eV) was observed in the base sample. The microwave dielectric properties of the ceramic samples were studied at different frequencies ranging from 1 to 2 GHz by using impedance spectroscopy. The obtained results showed the suitability of these samples for microwave dielectric resonator (antenna) applications.