Effects of stubble length of rice in mitigating soil moisture stress and on yield of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) in rice-lentil relay crop

Bandyopadhyay, P.; Singh, K. K.; Mondal, Krishnendu; Nath, Rajib; Ghosh, P. K.; Kumar, Narendra; Basu, Partha; Singh, SS

doi:10.1016/j.agwat.2016.05.009

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Results www.nature.com/scientificreports/ demonstrated that conservation tillage with crop residue retention could increase the yield of winter crops in rice-fallows by improving soil physical properties and moisture retention. Lower length, width and volume of cracks under conservation tillage indicate better soil aggregation and pores size distribution 10,12,16,25 . Several studies have reported the adverse impact of conventional PTR cultivation on soil health and microbial functions that in turn affect the successive winter crop performance 25,26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strategic choice of the winter crop(s) for rice-fallow areas is crucial for maximizing the system productivity and farmers' income 6 . Soil characteristics and hydrology of rice-fallow areas differ considerably 9,12 . Rice-fallows of eastern India are typically lowland having compacted sub-surface soil due to puddling in the rice crop season.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crop rotation and tillage management options for sustainable intensification of rice-fallow agro-ecosystem in eastern India

Kumar

Mishra

Rao

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Presently, rice-fallows are targeted for cropping intensification in South Asia. Rice-fallows a rainfed mono-cropping system remain fallow after rice due to lack of irrigation facilities and poor socioeconomic condition of the farmers. Nevertheless, there is the scope of including ecologically adaptable winter crops in water-limited rice-fallow conditions with effective moisture conservation practices. The study aimed to identify the winter-crops that are adaptable and productive in rice-fallow conditions and to evaluate the different tillage-based crop establishment practices for soil moisture conservation, grain yield, economics, and sustainability parameters. Six different crop establishment and residue management (CERM) practices viz., zero-tillage direct seeded rice (ZTDSR), zero-tillage transplanted rice (ZTTPR), puddled transplanted rice (PTR), ZTDSR with rice residue retention (ZTDSR R+), ZTTPR with rice residue retention (ZTTPR R+), PTR with rice residue retention (PTR R+) as main-plot treatment and five winter crops (chickpea, lentil, safflower, linseed, and mustard) as sub-plot treatment were evaluated in a split-plot design. The productivity of grain legumes (chickpea and lentil) was higher over oilseed crops in rice-fallow conditions with an order of chickpea > lentil > safflower > mustard > linseed. Among the CERM practices, ZTDSR R+ and ZTDSR treatments increased the grain yield of all the winter crops over PTR treatment, which was primarily attributed to higher soil moisture retention for an extended period. Grain yield increment with conservation tillage practices was highly prominent in safflower (190%) followed by lentil (93%) and chickpea (70%). Rice grain yield was higher (7-35%) under PTR treatment followed by ZTDSR treatment. Conservation tillage practices (ZTDSR, ZTTPR) reduced energy use (11-20%) and increased the energy ratio over conventional tillage practice (PTR), higher in rice-safflower, rice-lentil and rice-chickpea rotations. Higher net return was attained in rice-safflower and rice-chickpea rotations with ZTDSR R+ treatment. Predicted emission of greenhouse gases was markedly reduced in ZTDSR treatment (30%) compared to ZTTPR and PTR treatments. Hence, the study suggests that cropping intensification of rice-fallows with the inclusion of winter crops like chickpea, lentil, and safflower following conservation tillage practices (ZTDSR R+ in particular) could be the strategic options for achieving the higher system productivity, economic returns, and energy use efficiency with the reduced emission of greenhouse gases. Rice-fallows, the rainfed mono-crop production system, nowadays are gaining greater attention for cropping intensification in South Asia 1. Rice-fallow areas extended over 22.3 M ha in South Asia, having maximum acreage in India (88.3%) and remaining in Bangladesh (8.7%), Pakistan (0.5%), Sri Lanka (1.1%), Nepal (1.4%), and Bhutan (0.02%) 2. The major challenges of cropping intensification in rice-fallow areas includes lack of irrigation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop rotation and tillage management options for sustainable intensification of rice-fallow agro-ecosystem in eastern India

Kumar

Mishra

Rao

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…It is obvious that lentil was under higher soil moisture stress when planted after the long-duration rice variety in the S3 plots, especially later in the season, due to very low initial soil moisture status (<<θ FC ). As low soil moisture status hampers seed germination, diminishes physiological activities, and creates an adverse growing condition for many crops, low initial soil moisture might have impacted the effect of tillage on the drying pattern for S3 sowing date (Bandyopadhyay et al 2016;Gunes et al 2007;Sangakkara 2004). Delayed sowing (S3) of lentil due to the long-duration preceding crop (rice) caused a severe moisture-stress condition at the early vegetative stage, even under ZT (Fig.…”

Section: Soil Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants respond to drought stress through significant overflow of different soluble osmolytes such as amino acids, phenol and proline, which can be used as potential indicators for moisture stress and were studied extensively (Mafakheri et al 2010;Anjum et al 2011;Blum 2017). Certain changes in crop production management like increasing the seed rate and choosing a suitable variety might be necessary to ensure an optimum crop stand (Singh 2015;Bandyopadhyay et al 2016). In addition, soil microbial activity (strategic carrier of terrestrial carbon and a universal indicator of soil health) is very sensitive to soil moisture alteration (Wilkinson et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Singh (2015) reported that minimum-or zero-tillage (ZT) systems with manual furrow opening produce crops at low cost, minimizing soil and crop residue disturbance, controlling soil evaporation and proliferating root systems. Under residual soil moisture condition, tillage has a great impact on biomass production of lentil as it regulates soil water balance (Bandyopadhyay et al 2016). Few experiments reported that under controlled-release fertilization, crops perform better even in rainfed conditions (Rodrigues et al 2020;Sarkar et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understanding the Impacts of Sowing Time and Tillage in Optimizing the Micro-Environment for Rainfed Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) Production in the Lower Indo-Gangetic Plain

Saha

Bandyopadhyay

Sarkar

et al. 2020

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Low productivity of rainfed lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) in the post-harvest rice fallows due to soil moisture stress is a major concern in the lower Indo-Gangetic plains. We hypothesized that adjusting sowing dates with proper tillage can optimize the microenvironment for rainfed lentil allowing higher seed yield and improving soil biology. A 2-year field experiment was laid out following a split-plot design during 2014-2016 integrating three lentil sowing dates (early, S1; mid, S2; and late, S3) with two tillage practices (zero tillage, ZT, and conventional tillage, CT) in an Inceptisol of West Bengal, India. The objective was to examine various physiological (relative leaf water content (RLWC), leaf area index (LAI)) and biochemical (chlorophyll, carbohydrate, free amino acids, phenol, proline) changes in lentil, soil biology (soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC), dehydrogenase activity (DHA)), and lentil yield attributes (grain yield, seed index). When sown early, S1, lentils produced~47% and 15% higher grain yield and~23% and 18% higher seed index over S3 and S2, respectively. Delayed sowing (S3) induced early maturity, severe moisture stress that resulted in lower RLWC (14%), LAI (49%), chlorophyll (37%), and carbohydrate (33%) content compared to S1. SMBC and DHA were significantly higher at S1, specifically under ZT, but had negative correlation with phenol, amino acids, and proline. Our experiment concludes that early sowing of lentil coupled with zero tillage can mitigate soil moisture stress in the relay-cropped, rainfed lentil and provide an optimum microenvironment to facilitate sustainable production of lentil in the region. Keywords Zero tillage. Relay crop. Soil moisture stress. Dehydrogenase activity. Soil microbial biomass carbon Abbreviations ZT Zero tillage CT Conventional tillage RLWC Relative leaf water content LAI Leaf area index TAW Total available water RAW Readily available water RZSM Root zone soil moisture SMBC Soil microbial biomass carbon DHA Dehydrogenase activity

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Microclimate Modification in Field Crops: A Way Toward Climate-Resilience

Biswas,

Mondal,

Maji

et al. 2023

Climate-Resilient Agriculture, Vol 1

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Effects of stubble length of rice in mitigating soil moisture stress and on yield of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) in rice-lentil relay crop

Cited by 39 publications

References 37 publications

Crop rotation and tillage management options for sustainable intensification of rice-fallow agro-ecosystem in eastern India

Crop rotation and tillage management options for sustainable intensification of rice-fallow agro-ecosystem in eastern India

Understanding the Impacts of Sowing Time and Tillage in Optimizing the Micro-Environment for Rainfed Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik) Production in the Lower Indo-Gangetic Plain

Microclimate Modification in Field Crops: A Way Toward Climate-Resilience

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