Effects of sub‐antimicrobial dose doxycycline therapy on crevicular fluid MMP‐8, and gingival tissue MMP‐9, TIMP‐1 and IL‐6 levels in chronic periodontitis

Abstract

Adjunctive SDD therapy can improve the clinical parameters and this clinical improvement is reflected by controlled level of MMP-8 in chronic adult periodontitis after the therapy.

The comparison of inflammatory mediator expression in gingival tissues from human chronic periodontitis patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…Third, though the concentration of TIMP-1 expressed was not enough to show the difference of MMP expression between the groups, the target cells to TIMP-1 in the inflammatory areas are increased in periodontitis group compared to control group which might enhance the chance of activation 12,21) . Fourth, the activity of MMPs is tightly regulated at sev-eral levels including gene expression, secretion of pro-enzymes that require activation and inhibition by TIMPs [40][41][42][43] . Death et al 44) found that high glucose may regulate MMP gene expression via its effects on gene transcription or growth factors through the increased activation of its own response elements.…”

Adjunctive low-dose doxycycline therapy effect on clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid tissue plasminogen activator levels in chronic periodontitis

“…Previous studies have evaluated the effectiveness of low-doses doxycycline (LDD) therapy as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in which LDD was prescribed from 2 weeks to 12 months [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. These long-term, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical studies have reported that a combined regimen of LDD and nonsurgical periodontal therapy resulted in signifi cant improvement in clinical periodontal parameters in combination with a signifi cant decrease in collagenase activity when compared to nonsurgical periodontal therapy alone [26,29,30,32]. It was also indicated that long-term usage of LDD is not associated with the development of TC resistant microorganisms or exert any detrimental effect on the periodontal microfl ora [34][35][36].…”

Doxycycline and Coenzyme Q10 Treatment Modalities for Chronic Periodontitis: A Preliminary Study

“…SDD has high affinity to bone and soft tissues, thus, its accumulation in the periodontium would further enhance its curative effect [15]. Chio et al [8] reported similar results after administration of SDD that was associated with significant decrease in MMP-8 level in their patients' GCF.…”

“…It is used in low dose formulation that has no antimicrobial activity, and it acts as a host modulatory agent [7]. This non-antimicrobial action include the inhibition of tissue destruction by direct inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) [8] in the gingival tissues, inhibition of bone resorption by regulation of MMPs released by osteoclasts [9] and inhibition of MMPs precursors activation [10]. The host modulatory effects of sub-antimicrobial dose doxycycline (SDD) have been stated by several clinical studies [11][12][13].…”