Effects of Subcutaneous Implantation of Rare-Earth Metals

Talbot, R.B.; Davison, F.C.; Green, J.W.; Reece, W. O.; Gelder, G. Van

doi:10.2172/4590416

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Further, injection of the contrast agent is an invasive technique that entails some risk. Gadolinium is deposited in the bone and other tissues (Gibby et al, 2004) and once in those tissues remains there for a long period of time (Talbot et al, 1965). Although the long-term effects of gadolinium are not known, there is cause for concern.…”

Section: Mitigation Of Motion-related Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the long-term effects of gadolinium are not known, there is cause for concern. Gadolinium is one of the most potent inorganic calcium antagonists known (Biagi et al, 1990;Talbot et al, 1965), has carcinogenic effects (Rocklage et al, 1991;Costa, 1980), and may interfere with coagulation. Thus, repeated administrations of this contrast agent may be inadvisable.…”

Section: Mitigation Of Motion-related Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Functional MRI of Language in Aphasia: A Review of the Literature and the Methodological Challenges

et al. 2007

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Animal analogue studies show that damaged adult brains reorganize to accommodate compromised functions. In the human arena, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and other functional neuroimaging techniques have been used to study reorganization of language substrates in aphasia. The resulting controversy regarding whether the right or the left hemisphere supports language recovery and treatment progress must be reframed. A more appropriate question is when left-hemisphere mechanisms and when right-hemisphere mechanisms support recovery of language functions. Small lesions generally lead to good recoveries supported by left-hemisphere mechanisms. However, when too much language eloquent cortex is damaged, right-hemisphere structures may provide the better substrate for recovery of language. Some studies suggest that recovery is particularly supported by homologues of damaged left-hemisphere structures. Evidence also suggests that under some circumstances, activity in both the left and right hemispheres can interfere with recovery of function. Further research will be needed to address these issues. However, daunting methodological problems must be managed to maximize the yield of future fMRI research in aphasia, especially in the area of language production. In this review, we cover six challenges for imaging language functions in aphasia with fMRI, with an emphasis on language production: (1) selection of a baseline task, (2) structure of language production trials, (3) mitigation of motion-related artifacts, (4) the use of stimulus onset versus response onset in fMRI analyses, (5) use of trials with correct responses and errors in analyses, and (6) reliability and stability of fMRI images across sessions. However, this list of methodological challenges is not exhaustive. Once methodology is advanced, knowledge from conceptually driven fMRI studies can be used to develop theoretically driven, mechanism-based treatments that will result in more effective therapy and to identify the best patient candidates for specific treatments. While the promise of fMRI in the study of aphasia is great, there is much work to be done before this technique will be a useful clinical tool.

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Section: Mitigation Of Motion-related Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mitigation Of Motion-related Artifactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional MRI of Language in Aphasia: A Review of the Literature and the Methodological Challenges

et al. 2007

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“…Lanthanide metals have been shown to induce neoplasms in mice (Talbot et al 1968;Ball et al 1970). However, the role of the rare earths in the pathogenesis of the observed tumors may be that of a promoter, enhancing the activity of an endogenous oncogenic agent, rather than an initiator.…”

Section: Systemic Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anticoagulant properties of rare earths have been well documented in laboratory animals (Hunter and Walker 1956;Graca et al 1964;Talbot et al 1968), and anticoagulant therapeutic regimens have been attempted in man (baser et al 1942;Hunter and Walker 1956). However, the development of superior reagents of less toxicity has resulted in elimination of lanthanides from such application.…”

Section: Systemic Toxicologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary Toxicity of Stable and Radioactive Lanthanides

Haley¹

1991

Health Physics

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The pulmonary toxicity of inhaled lanthanides has been the subject of debate. In question have been the relative contributions of radioactive vs. stable elements in the development of lanthanide-associated progressive pulmonary interstitial fibrosis. The central question of this debate is: Are lanthanide dusts that are devoid of radioactive contaminants capable of producing progressive pulmonary disease, or are lanthanide-induced lesions more appropriately termed "benign pneumoconioses"? This paper examines the epidemiologic and experimental record in order to answer the above question. It is clear from the available data that significant pathogenic potential of inhaled lanthanides exists and is related to the type and physicochemical form of the material inhaled and to the dose and duration of exposure. Contamination of the dust with radioactive materials may accelerate and enhance the pathologic response, depending on the form and dose of radioactivity encountered. Nevertheless, there is little evidence to suggest that the level of radioactive contamination of occupationally encountered lanthanide dusts is sufficient to be included as a risk factor for pulmonary disease. Thus, the pulmonary syndrome induced by stable rare earths includes progressive pulmonary fibrosis and should not be referred to as "benign pneumoconiosis."

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Interactions of Lanthanides with Tissues, Cells, and Cellular Organelles

Evans

1990

Biochemistry of the Lanthanides

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Effects of Subcutaneous Implantation of Rare-Earth Metals

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Functional MRI of Language in Aphasia: A Review of the Literature and the Methodological Challenges

Functional MRI of Language in Aphasia: A Review of the Literature and the Methodological Challenges

Pulmonary Toxicity of Stable and Radioactive Lanthanides

Interactions of Lanthanides with Tissues, Cells, and Cellular Organelles

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