Effects of Subminimal Inhibitory Concentrations of Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, and Nitrofurantoin on the Attachment of Escherichia coli to Human Uroepithelial Cells in Vitro

Sandberg, Torsten; Stenqvist, Karin; Svanborg-Edén, C

doi:10.1093/clinids/1.5.838

Cited by 76 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Ampicillin, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and tetracycline decrease but nalidixic acid increases hemagglutination and epithelial-cell adherence (183, 471,508,530,555,582,583).…”

Section: Effect Of Antimicrobial Agents On Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection

1991

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Uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli are characterized by the expression of distinctive bacterial properties, products, or structures referred to as virulence factors because they help the organism overcome host defenses and colonize or invade the urinary tract. Virulence factors of recognized importance in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection (UTI) include adhesins (P fimbriae, certain other mannose-resistant adhesins, and type 1 fimbriae), the aerobactin system, hemolysin, K capsule, and resistance to serum killing. This review summarizes the virtual explosion of information regarding the epidemiology, biochemistry, mechanisms of action, and genetic basis of these urovirulence factors that has occurred in the past decade and identifies areas in need of further study. Virulence factor expression is more common among certain genetically related groups of E. coli which constitute virulent clones within the larger E. coli population. In general, the more virulence factors a strain expresses, the more severe an infection it is able to cause. Certain virulence factors specifically favor the development of pyelonephritis, others favor cystitis, and others favor asymptomatic bacteriuria. The currently defined virulence factors clearly contribute to the virulence of wild-type strains but are usually insufficient in themselves to transform an avirulent organism into a pathogen, demonstrating that other as-yet-undefined virulence properties await discovery. Virulence factor testing is a useful epidemiological and research tool but as yet has no defined clinical role. Immunological and biochemical anti-virulence factor interventions are effective in animal models of UTI and hold promise for the prevention of UTI in humans.

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“…Ampicillin, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and tetracycline decrease but nalidixic acid increases hemagglutination and epithelial-cell adherence (183, 471,508,530,555,582,583).…”

Section: Effect Of Antimicrobial Agents On Adherencementioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection

1991

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“…Since then there have been numerous reports of the structural effects of antibiotics on a variety of bacteria, and these have recently been reviewed by Lorian (2). In other studies, sub-MIC levels of antibiotics have been shown to interfere with adherence of bacteria to epithelial cell surfaces (3,4) and to enhance the bactericidal activity of human serum (5). The significance of these in vitro effects of sub-MIC levels of antibiotics on interactions between bacteria and the human host is not fully understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiation of Opsonization and Phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes following Growth in the Presence of Clindamycin

Gemmell¹,

Peterson²,

Schmeling³

et al. 1981

J. Clin. Invest.

195

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A B S T R A C T Streptococcus pyogenes, bearing Mprotein on its surface, resists opsonization by normal human serum and subsequent phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Previous studies have shown that M-protein positive organisms are poorly opsonized by the alternate pathway of complement. In an attempt to define further the role of the surface components of S. pyogenes in this process, we examined the ability of clindamycin, an antibiotic that inhibits protein biosynthesis, to alter bacterial opsonization.An M-protein positive strain of S. pyogenes was grown in varying concentrations of clindamycin at levels lower than those which inhibited growth, i.e., at levels less than the minimal inhibitory concentration. These bacteria were incubated with purified human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and peripheral blood monocytes. Significant enhancement of bacterial opsonization, phagocytosis, and killing resulted. Measurement of complement consumption and binding of the third component of complement (C3) onto the bacterial surface demonstrated that organisms grown in the presence of clindamycin activated complement more readily and fixed more C3 on their surface. Electron microscopy revealed the probable basis for these findings. Streptococci exposed to clindamycin during growth were largely denuded of surface "fuzz," the hairlike structures bearing M-protein.We conclude that the incorporation of clindamycin at concentrations that fail to inhibit growth of S.

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“…Previously it has been reported that the adherence ability to human viewed uroepithelial cells and oropharyngeal cells decreased in ampicillin-treated Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Sandberg et al 1979) and Neisseria meningitidis (Salit 1983), respectively. Furthermore another researcher reported that ampicillin treated E. coli had no effect on a human epitheloid tissue culture cell line that had a similar property to human epithelial cells (Vosbeck et al 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subminimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotic may reach the mucosal surface intermittently during the course of therapy and thereby interfere with the ability of microorganisms to colonize (Ofek et al 1979). Moreover, the ability of antibiotics to affect the property of microbial adherence to cell surfaces may be an important criterion for selecting an antibiotic for therapy (Shibl 1985) and small dose prophylaxis to prevent bacterial colonization (Sandberg et al 1979).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of ampicillin, cefmetazole and minocycline on the adherence of Branhamella catarrhalis to pharyngeal epithelial cells.

Ahmed

Matsumoto

Rikitomi

et al. 1990

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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of Ampicillin, Cefmetazole and Minocycline on the Adherence of Branhamella catarrhalis to Pharyngeal Epithelial Cells. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 1990, 161(1),1-7Using pharyngeal epithelial cells from a healthy adult and eight strains of Branhamella catarrhalis (B. catarrhalis) isolated from eight patients with respiratory infection the effect of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of cefmetazole, ampicillin and minocycline on adherence was examined. Cefmetazole-treated bacterial attachment (44 + 28; mean ± s.D.) decreased significantly (p <0.05) compared to the control (84+27). Statistically no significant difference in adherence was found between ampicillin-treated bacteria (63 + 36) and the control (95 + 40) or minocycline-treated bacteria (91 + 39) and the control (109+40). Large bacteria was observed after cefmetazole and ampicillin treatment. In addition to diplococci, tetrads were observed after cefmetazole treatment. Significant correlation between the MICs and adherence ability was not found. The results suggests that these three antibiotics were not responsible for the increase in B. catarrhalis infection by increasing adherence ability.

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Effects of Subminimal Inhibitory Concentrations of Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, and Nitrofurantoin on the Attachment of Escherichia coli to Human Uroepithelial Cells in Vitro

Cited by 76 publications

References 13 publications

Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection

Virulence factors in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection

Potentiation of Opsonization and Phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes following Growth in the Presence of Clindamycin

Effect of ampicillin, cefmetazole and minocycline on the adherence of Branhamella catarrhalis to pharyngeal epithelial cells.

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