Effects of Substance Misuse and Family History of Substance Use Disorder on Delay Discounting in Adolescents and Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Paraskevopoulou, Maria D.; Rooij, Daan van; Schene, Aart H.; Scheres, Anouk; Buitelaar, Jan K.; Schellekens, Arnt

doi:10.1159/000509147

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…The study found no evidence supporting any differences in performance on tasks of DA, risk adjustment and reflection impulsivity between the ADHD only group and HC. This is in accordance with the findings of two previous studies [ 5 , 15 ], demonstrating impairments in impulsive choice, operationalized as DD, between CUD/ADHD, and substance misuse + ADHD, but not between ADHD only and HC. However, the current cross-sectional design does not allow for inference about the nature of this relationship.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…One study found steeper DD in individuals with comorbid cocaine use disorder (CUD) and ADHD, compared to individuals with ADHD only [ 5 ]. This is consistent with findings in two recent studies investigating comorbid individuals with ADHD, substance misuse and cannabis use disorders, respectively [ 15 , 16 ]. Similarly, another study found steeper DD in comorbid CUD/ADHD compared to individuals with CUD only [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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Impulsive choice in individuals with comorbid amphetamine use disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

et al. 2023

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Background Amphetamine use disorder (AMPH) and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often co-occur and are associated with poor treatment outcomes. Elevated impulsivity is a core feature in both disorders. Little is known however about the specific neurocognitive profile regarding different facets of impulsivity, and specifically impulsive choice, in comorbid populations. Methods Three groups (ADHD + AMPH, ADHD only and healthy controls (HC)) were assessed with self-reported impulsivity and cognitive tasks of impulsive choice, operationalized as delay aversion (DA) and reflection impulsivity. Results Twenty-nine participants with comorbid ADHD + AMPH, 25 participants with ADHD only and 116 HC completed screening, including self-rating scales, and cognitive testing. 20, 16 and 114 participants completed computerized cognitive tasks in the ADHD + AMPH group, ADHD group and HC group, respectively. The ADHD + AMPH group reported significantly higher motor, attentional and non-planning impulsiveness, and showed a significantly higher degree of impulsive choice, compared to both groups. There were no differences in task-related impulsiveness between ADHD only and HC. Conclusions The current findings suggest that individuals with ADHD + AMPH have overall elevated levels of impulsivity compared to individuals with ADHD only. In addition, that ADHD + AMPH is specifically associated with impairments in task-related impulsive choice, which was not found in ADHD only compared to HC. The neurocognitive profile in this specific patient group may represent a need for more systematic screening within healthcare settings in order to develop effective and targeted treatment for comorbid patients. Trial registration EudraCT, 2012–004298-20.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Impulsive choice in individuals with comorbid amphetamine use disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

et al. 2023

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“…Both ADHD and SUDs are characterized by choice impulsivity [ 180 ]. There are recent data to support the possibility that choice impulsivity in ADHD results from substance misuse [ 181 ]. A popular explanation for the association between ADHD and EDs is that impulsive behavior generates the disordered eating [ 182 , 183 ].…”

Section: Other Psychiatric Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint

Wiss

Brewerton

2020

Nutrients

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Converging evidence from both animal and human studies have implicated hedonic eating as a driver of both binge eating and obesity. The construct of food addiction has been used to capture pathological eating across clinical and non-clinical populations. There is an ongoing debate regarding the value of a food addiction “diagnosis” among those with eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa binge/purge-type, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder. Much of the food addiction research in eating disorder populations has failed to account for dietary restraint, which can increase addiction-like eating behaviors and may even lead to false positives. Some have argued that the concept of food addiction does more harm than good by encouraging restrictive approaches to eating. Others have shown that a better understanding of the food addiction model can reduce stigma associated with obesity. What is lacking in the literature is a description of a more comprehensive approach to the assessment of food addiction. This should include consideration of dietary restraint, and the presence of symptoms of other psychiatric disorders (substance use, posttraumatic stress, depressive, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity) to guide treatments including nutrition interventions. The purpose of this review is to help clinicians identify the symptoms of food addiction (true positives, or “the signal”) from the more classic eating pathology (true negatives, or “restraint”) that can potentially elevate food addiction scores (false positives, or “the noise”). Three clinical vignettes are presented, designed to aid with the assessment process, case conceptualization, and treatment strategies. The review summarizes logical steps that clinicians can take to contextualize elevated food addiction scores, even when the use of validated research instruments is not practical.

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“…[ 21 ] Previous studies show that ADHD is associated with several risks and related factors. Some related factors including marital divorce,[ 22 ] living with single parents,[ 23 ] fathers’ education,[ 24 ] family history, order of birth,[ 25 ] rural residency,[ 26 ] parental smoking,[ 21 27 ] childhood medical history, and some risk factors such as birth weight, maternal tobacco use,[ 28 ] and history of psychological problems in the family. [ 24 25 29 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and its related risk factors among children at elementary school in Shahroud

Hamidzadeh

Kharatha

Bazghaleh

et al. 2021

J Edu Health Promot

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Effects of Substance Misuse and Family History of Substance Use Disorder on Delay Discounting in Adolescents and Young Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Impulsive choice in individuals with comorbid amphetamine use disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

Impulsive choice in individuals with comorbid amphetamine use disorder and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder

Separating the Signal from the Noise: How Psychiatric Diagnoses Can Help Discern Food Addiction from Dietary Restraint

The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and its related risk factors among children at elementary school in Shahroud

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