Effects of sugar concentration on the electroporation, size distribution and average size of charged giant unilamellar vesicles

Sarkar, Malay Kumar; Karal, Mohammad Abu Sayem; Levadny, Victor; Belaya, Marina; Ahmed, Marzuk; Ahamed, Md. Kabir; Ahammed, Shareef

doi:10.1007/s00249-022-01607-y

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…40 Sucrose and glucose have also been shown to affect the size distribution of phospholipid vesicles formed using electroporation, and increasing the sugar concentration was found to reduce the likelihood of rupture. 41,42 It is also possible that sucrose has a protective effect on OA vesicles, although to our knowledge this has not been previously reported. It is known, however, that other sugars such as ribose and glucose can stabilise fatty acid vesicles in the presence of salt, which would otherwise normally flocculate.…”

Section: Solute-membrane Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Natural size variation amongst protocells leads to survival and growth under hypoosmotic conditions

Lowe,

Kaushik,

Wang

2024

Preprint

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Membrane growth is vital to the evolution of cellular life. For model protocells, this has most commonly been shown to occur through competition between different protocell populations or with the addition of extra amphiphiles. We find an alternative mechanism for protocell membrane growth that occurs as a consequence of hypoosmotic shocks that could have occurred naturally in the protocell environment. We show that nanoscale and giant fatty acid vesicles can withstand substantial osmotic pressures through membrane growth, whilst also retaining a significant portion of their contents. Notably, the giant vesicles retained contents following osmotic shocks ten times higher than that predicted to be tolerable. This is likely enabled by the membrane’s incorporation of additional amphiphiles from less tense vesicles. The dynamic nature of these fatty acid-based model protocells provides a mechanism through which not only membrane growth occurs, but a mechanism which enables protocell survival in hypoosmotic environments.

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Section: Solute-membrane Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Natural size variation amongst protocells leads to survival and growth under hypoosmotic conditions

Lowe,

Kaushik,

Wang

2024

Preprint

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“…Most of the electroporation and electrofusion in lipid vesicles have been performed by varying the electric field of DC and some cases AC with a constant frequency [ 8 , 13 , 14 ]. Previously, we have investigated the IRE in giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) by varying the surface charge and salt concentration in a physiological buffer [ 15 ], cholesterol concentration in the lipid membranes [ 16 ], concentration gradient between the exterior and interior of GUVs (e.g., osmotic effect), and sugar concentration [ 17 , 18 ]. In addition, the electrotension (electric field induces electrotension) dependent kinetics of vesicle rupture has been investigated in which the rate constant of rupture formation increases with the applied tension [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probability and kinetics of rupture and electrofusion in giant unilamellar vesicles under various frequencies of direct current pulses

Bhuiyan,

Karal,

Orchi

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Irreversible electroporation induces permanent permeabilization of lipid membranes of vesicles, resulting in vesicle rupture upon the application of a pulsed electric field. Electrofusion is a phenomenon wherein neighboring vesicles can be induced to fuse by exposing them to a pulsed electric field. We focus how the frequency of direct current (DC) pulses of electric field impacts rupture and electrofusion in cell-sized giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) prepared in a physiological buffer. The average time, probability, and kinetics of rupture and electrofusion in GUVs have been explored at frequency 500, 800, 1050, and 1250 Hz. The average time of rupture of many ‘single GUVs’ decreases with the increase in frequency, whereas electrofusion shows the opposite trend. At 500 Hz, the rupture probability stands at 0.45 ± 0.02, while the electrofusion probability is 0.71 ± 0.01. However, at 1250 Hz, the rupture probability increases to 0.69 ± 0.03, whereas the electrofusion probability decreases to 0.46 ± 0.03. Furthermore, when considering kinetics, at 500 Hz, the rate constant of rupture is (0.8 ± 0.1)×10−2 s-1, and the rate constant of fusion is (2.4 ± 0.1)×10−2 s-1. In contrast, at 1250 Hz, the rate constant of rupture is (2.3 ± 0.8)×10−2 s-1, and the rate constant of electrofusion is (1.0 ± 0.1)×10−2 s-1. These results are discussed by considering the electrical model of the lipid bilayer and the energy barrier of a prepore.

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“…Sugar influences the spontaneous curvature of vesicles [36], specific capacitance of membranes [37], and bending rigidity of membranes [38][39][40]. Recently, we investigated the effects of sugar concentration on electroporation in lipid vesicles for the possible application of electroporation technology in cancer/tumor ablation [41]. Therefore, a better understanding of how NPs interact with cells in the presence of various sugar concentrations is vital for medicinal and pharmacological inventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of sugar concentration on the vesicle compactness, deformation and membrane poration induced by anionic nanoparticles

et al. 2022

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Sugar plays a vital role in the structural and functional characteristics of cells. Hence, the interaction of NPs with cell membranes in the presence of sugar concentrations is important for medicinal and pharmacological innovations. This study integrated three tools: giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), anionic magnetite nanoparticles (NPs), and sugar concentrations, to understand a simplified mechanism for interactions between the vesicle membranes and NPs under various sugar concentrations. We focused on changing the sugar concentration in aqueous solution; more precisely, sucrose inside the GUVs and glucose outside with equal osmolarity. 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1′-rac-glycerol) (sodium salt) (DOPG) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) were used to prepare the charged membranes of 40mole%DOPG/60mole%DOPC-GUVs, whereas only DOPC was used to prepare the neutral membranes. Phase contrast fluorescence microscopy shows that the adherence of 18 nm magnetite NPs with anionic charge depends on the sugar concentration. The alterations of GUVs induced by the NPs are characterized in terms of i) vesicle compactness, ii) deformation, and iii) membrane poration. The presence of sugar provides additional structural stability to the GUVs and reduces the effects of the NPs with respect to these parameters; more precisely, the higher the sugar concentration, the smaller the alteration induced by the NPs. The differences in NPs effects are explained by the change in the type of interaction between sugar molecules and lipid membranes, namely enthalpy and entropy-driven interaction, respectively. In addition, such alterations are influenced by the surface charge density of the lipid bilayer. The surface pressure of membranes due to the adsorption of NPs is responsible for inducing the poration in membranes. The differences in deformation and poration in charged and neutral GUVs under various sugar concentrations are discussed based on the structure of the head of lipid molecules.

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Effects of sugar concentration on the electroporation, size distribution and average size of charged giant unilamellar vesicles

Cited by 7 publications

References 84 publications

Natural size variation amongst protocells leads to survival and growth under hypoosmotic conditions

Natural size variation amongst protocells leads to survival and growth under hypoosmotic conditions

Probability and kinetics of rupture and electrofusion in giant unilamellar vesicles under various frequencies of direct current pulses

Influence of sugar concentration on the vesicle compactness, deformation and membrane poration induced by anionic nanoparticles

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