Effects of Sulfur and Calcium Source on pH, Anthracnose Severity, and Microdochium Patch Management on Annual Bluegrass in Western Oregon

McDonald, Brian; Mattox, Clint; Gould, Micah; Kowalewski, Alec

doi:10.2134/cftm2018.03.0018

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Iron sulfate applications are known to decrease soil pH (Carrow, Waddington, & Rieke, 2001), and pH has been demonstrated to affect the growth of Microdochium nivale (Bennett, 1933). Previous field trials have also demonstrated that acidifying products, fertilizers and sulfur fungicides can suppress Microdochium patch and lead to a lower soil pH (Brauen, Goss, Gould, & Orton, 1975;Mattox et al, 2016) or reduce the number of fungicide applications (McDonald, Mattox, Gould, & Kowalewski, 2018). With the effects of pH on T A B L E 1 Effects of 97.6 kg FeSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O ha −1 applied at different water carrier volumes and non-treated control (NTC) on turfgrass quality ratings on an annual bluegrass putting green in Corvallis, OR.…”

Section: Microdochium Patch Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of iron sulfate heptahydrate water carrier volumes on Microdochium patch suppression and turfgrass quality

2020

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Microdochium patch is a turfgrass disease caused by the fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale (Fries) Samuels & I.C. Hallett that occurs most commonly in cool-humid regions such as the Pacific Northwest. Fungicide applications are the predominant method of controlling this disease, although alternatives to fungicides are desired in areas where pesticide restrictions occur. Previous research has shown that 97.6 kg FeSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O ha −1 applied every 2 wk in 814 L ha −1 water carrier suppresses Microdochium patch; however, turfgrass thinning occurred. The objective of this trial was to determine if higher water carrier volumes would mitigate turfgrass thinning while still suppressing Microdochium patch. This field trial quantified the effects of four different water carrier volumes of 97.6 kg FeSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O ha −1 applied every 2 wk on the suppression of Microdochium patch, percent green cover, and turfgrass quality of an annual bluegrass putting green in Western Oregon. This research demonstrated that 97.6 kg FeSO 4 ⋅7H 2 O ha −1 applied every 2 wk suppressed Microdochium patch on annual bluegrass putting greens to equivalent levels regardless of water carrier volumes ranging from 1019 to 4075 L ha −1. Higher percent green cover was also observed when higher water carrier volumes (3056 or 4075 L ha −1) were used. While iron sulfate heptahydrate treatments suppressed Microdochium patch to less than one percent disease throughout the trial, no water carrier volume reduced annual bluegrass thinning enough to be considered acceptable for golf course putting greens. Abbreviations: AUDPC, area under disease progress curve. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Section: Microdochium Patch Suppressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of iron sulfate heptahydrate water carrier volumes on Microdochium patch suppression and turfgrass quality

2020

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“…These effects may be aggravated in the colder months of the winter when daylengths are shorter and temperatures are lower (Vargas & Turgeon, 2004). Because S and mineral oil tank mixtures were shown to consistently reduce turfgrass quality and S applications have been tied to other issues such as an increase in the risk of anthracnose (McDonald et al, 2018) or the development of black layer (Berndt & Vargas, 2008), these data suggest that tank mixtures of mineral oil and S are not an effective means of suppressing Microdochium patch while maintaining acceptable turfgrass quality. The green cover percentage differences was greater in the 1st year of the experiment (2015)(2016) than in the 2nd year (2016)(2017) for the rotations that included mineral oil tank mixed with either S or H 3 PO 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Current fungicide application intervals recommended for turfgrass management vary, with typical fungicide labels listing an interval between 7 and 28 d (Clarke et al., 2019). Potential advantages of increasing the time between alternative applications of the same rate include decreasing the total cost of product and labor application costs, decreasing the environmental impact compared to more frequent applications (Kovach et al., 1992), reducing exposure to pesticides by pesticide handlers (Environmental Protection Agency, 2020), and decreasing the total S applications, which decreases the risk of anthracnose on annual bluegrass putting greens (McDonald et al., 2018) and the development of black layer (Berndt & Vargas, 2008). Potential disadvantages would be the lack of complete disease suppression by 3‐wk applications that may not meet golfer expectations (Walsh, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A loss of turfgrass density from mineral oil applications has been reported (Kreuser & Rossi, 2014), with the decrease in green cover percentage exacerbated when mineral oil was combined with S (Mattox et al., 2020). Sulfur applications above 146 kg S ha −1 yr −1 have also been linked to an increase in summer anthracnose ( Colletotrichum cereale Manns sensu lato Crouch, Clarke & Hillman) severity (McDonald et al., 2018). Thus, more research is needed to understand the impact of a mineral oil and S tank mixture on Microdochium patch suppression and to explore avenues that reduce the annual S input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suppression of Microdochium patch using rotations of mineral oil, sulfur, and phosphorous acid

et al. 2021

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Microdochium patch is a turfgrass disease caused by the fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels and I.C. Hallett that occurs in cool, humid conditions, which are commonplace in the U.S. Pacific Northwest and northern Europe. Pesticide restrictions in certain areas make suppressing Microdochium patch challenging, and alternative control methods are desired. Previous research has shown that mineral oil, S, and phosphorous acid (H 3 PO 3 ) suppress Microdochium patch, but abiotic damage was associated with repeated mineral oil applications. Two field experiments in western Oregon focusing on the suppression of Microdochium patch and turfgrass quality on annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) greens are presented. The first experiment compared tank mixtures of mineral oil and S or mineral oil and H 3 PO 3 in rotation with a tank mixture of S and H 3 PO 3 . The second experiment focused on seasonal rotations that excluded mineral oil in certain months and compared 2-and 3-wk application frequencies. All rotations, in both experiments, suppressed Microdochium patch compared to the non-treated control, although differences in turfgrass quality were observed. In the first experiment, green cover percentage was used to assess abiotic damage. A mineral oil and H 3 PO 3 tank mixture rotated every 2 wk with S and H 3 PO 3 resulted in the highest green cover percentage. In the second experiment, most of the applications made every 2 wk completely suppressed Microdochium patch. Two treatments applied every 2 wk that withheld mineral oil in the winter months resulted in turfgrass quality ratings considered acceptable for putting greens on all rating dates. INTRODUCTIONMicrodochium patch is a turfgrass disease caused by the fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels & I.C. Hallett (teleomorph = Monographella nivalis). This disease predominantly occurs in cool-humid areas when temperatures Abbreviations: AUDPC, area under disease progress curve.

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“…Research suggests when S applications reduced the soil pH from 6.3 to 5.3, there was a trend in the reduction of top and root growth of annual bluegrass (Sprague & Burton, 1937). Other research has demonstrated that monthly S applications of 12.3 kg S ha −1 or greater led to an increase in anthracnose ( Colletotrichum cereale Manns sensu lato Crouch, Clarke, & Hillman) severity on an annual bluegrass research green in western Oregon compared to no S additions (McDonald et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing rates of mineral oil, sulfur, and phosphorous acid on Microdochium patch suppression and turfgrass quality

et al. 2021

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Microdochium patch is a turfgrass disease caused by the fungal pathogen Microdochium nivale (Fr.) Samuels and I.C. Hallett that occurs in climates similar to the cool, humid regions of North America's Pacific Northwest. Mineral oil, S, and phosphorous acid (H 3 PO 3 ) have been shown to suppress Microdochium patch on annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) putting greens in western Oregon. Previous research using rates of 19.9 kg mineral oil ha -1 applied every 2 wk alone or as a tank mixture with 12.2 kg S ha -1 , 3.7 kg H 3 PO 3 ha -1 , or both resulted in unacceptable turfgrass thinning. The objective of this field experiment was to evaluate whether tank mixes of these products would suppress Microdochium patch and yield acceptable turfgrass quality when rates of mineral oil were reduced from 19.9 to 10.0 kg ha -1 , S from 12.2 to 6.1 kg ha -1 , or H 3 PO 3 from 3.7 to 1.8 kg ha -1 . In both years of the experiment, all treatments suppressed Microdochium patch to <2% disease compared to more than 40% disease in the non-treated control. Mineral oil applied with S resulted in a larger loss of green cover compared to mineral oil applied with H 3 PO 3 regardless of rate. These results suggest that tank mixing mineral oil and S should be avoided in the winter months. Further research studying the mitigation of green cover loss associated with these treatments is warranted.Abbreviations: AUDPC, area under disease progress curve.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Effects of Sulfur and Calcium Source on pH, Anthracnose Severity, and Microdochium Patch Management on Annual Bluegrass in Western Oregon

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

The effects of iron sulfate heptahydrate water carrier volumes on Microdochium patch suppression and turfgrass quality

The effects of iron sulfate heptahydrate water carrier volumes on Microdochium patch suppression and turfgrass quality

Suppression of Microdochium patch using rotations of mineral oil, sulfur, and phosphorous acid

Comparing rates of mineral oil, sulfur, and phosphorous acid on Microdochium patch suppression and turfgrass quality

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