Effects of Sulfur Levels in Fermented Total Mixed Ration Containing Fresh Cassava Root on Feed Utilization, Rumen Characteristics, Microbial Protein Synthesis, and Blood Metabolites in Thai Native Beef Cattle

Supapong, Chanadol; Cherdthong, Anusorn; Wanapat, Metha; Chanjula, Pin; Uriyapongson, Suthipong

doi:10.3390/ani9050261

Cited by 28 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Laminarase enzymes can break down activity at a lower pH to degrade linamarine to HCN, thereby reducing toxic effects [28]. In agreement with the present study, Supapong et al [12] found that beef cattle fed a diet containing 1.0% to 2.0% sulfur experienced reduced HCN concentrations by 99.3% to 99.5%.…”

Section: Chemical Contents In the Dietssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Furthermore, Cherdthong et al [2] found that cattle consuming fresh cassava root in the basal diet with feed block at 4.0% sulfur levels showed improved DM and OM digestibility by 13.0% and 12.1%, respectively. An earlier report by Supapong et al [12], showed that beef cattle fed a diet supplemented with 2.0% sulfur in the FTMR exhibited increased DM digestibility by 4.2% compared to those fed with a diet supplemented with 1.0% sulfur.…”

Section: Nutrient Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Fresh cassava root variety Kasetsart 50 in the diet was passed through a machine (Yasothon Thailand) to sieve 1 cm. Fermented total mixed ration was made by packing concentrate mixed with rice straw chopped to a length of 3-5 cm by machine and adding water to achieve a moisture content of 55% in processing, as per the process carried out by Supapong et al [12]. Fermented total mixed ration was then packed in plastic bags to ferment under anaerobic conditions and stored indoors (25-32 • C) for 7 days before use.…”

Section: Cows Feed and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Sulfur and Urea Fortification of Fresh Cassava Root in Fermented Total Mixed Ration on the Improvement Milk Quality of Tropical Lactating Cows

Supapong

Cherdthong

2020

Veterinary Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of the present research was to determine the influence of sulfur and urea combined with fresh cassava root in fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) on digestibility, fermentation in the rumen, blood metabolite, milk yield, and milk quality in tropical lactating dairy cows. Four mid-lactation Thai Holstein–Friesian crossbred cows were studied. Pre-experiment milk yield was 12.7 ± 0.30 kg/day, and the body weight was 495 ± 40.0 kg. Animals were evaluated in a 2 × 2 factorial in a 4 × 4 Latin square design to receive diets followed by: factor A, which was a dose of sulfur inclusion at 1.0% and 2.0%, and factor B, which was level of urea inclusion at 1.25% and 2.5% DM in FTMR. The hydrogen cyanide (HCN) concentrations reduced 99.3% to 99.4% compared with fresh cassava root when FTMR was supplemented with 1.0% and 2.0% sulfur, respectively. Intake of crude protein was increased based on urea level addition (p < 0.05). Blood thiocyanate concentration was increased by 21.6% when sulfur was supplemented at 2.0% compared to 1.0% (p < 0.05). There was no difference in protozoal concentration, whereas bacterial populations at 4 h after feeding were significantly greater by 6.1% with the FTMR supplemented with 2.0% sulfur and 2.5% urea (p < 0.01). Allantoin concentrations, excretion, absorption, and microbial crude protein showed significant interactions between sulfur levels and urea levels in cows fed diets supplemented with 2.0% sulfur and 2.5% urea (p < 0.05). The molar ratios of the volatile fatty acid (VFA) profile were affected by dietary FTMR (p < 0.01). Furthermore, propionic acid increased by 4.6% when diets were supplemented by 2.5% sulfur (p < 0.01). Milk fat and total solids increased when feed was supplemented with 2.0% sulfur and 2.5% urea (p < 0.05). The diets supplemented with 2.0% sulfur levels resulted in greater concentrations of milk thiocyanate (p < 0.05). The somatic cell count was significantly reduced throughout the experiment with increasing sulfur supplementation (p < 0.05). Animals fed diets supplemented with 2.0% sulfur exhibited a decreased somatic cell count by 18.3% compared with those fed diets supplemented with 1.0% sulfur. Thus, inclusion of 2.0% sulfur with 2.5% urea in FTMR containing fresh cassava root improved digestibility, ruminal fermentation, microbial crude protein synthesis, and milk qualities in dairy cows.

show abstract

Section: Chemical Contents In the Dietssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Nutrient Intake and Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Cows Feed and Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of Sulfur and Urea Fortification of Fresh Cassava Root in Fermented Total Mixed Ration on the Improvement Milk Quality of Tropical Lactating Cows

Supapong

Cherdthong

2020

Veterinary Sciences

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Concentrations of NH3-N were significantly impacted (p < 0.05) and decreased with increased rates of FCR supplementation. This could be due to a sufficient supply of energy from a rapidly fermentable source of carbohydrates to allow the efficient incorporation of peptides, free amino acids, and NH3-N into microbial cells [10]. Likewise, Cherdthong et al [2] found that the concentration of NH3-N in the rumen increased with an increasing amount of FCR supplementation.…”

Section: In Vitro Fermentation and Ruminal Microbial Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cherdthong et al [2] found that supplementation of FCR at 10 g/kg and 15 g/kg of BW with feed blocks containing sulfur at 20 and 40 g/kg did not have a negative effect on digestibility and rumen fermentation, and cyanide from FCR can be changed to thiocyanate, which is less toxic to animals. Additionally, Supapong et al [10] suggested that 20 g sulfur/kg supplementation in fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) containing FCR and fermented for 7 days improved digestibility of nutrients, microbial protein synthesis effectiveness, and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), propionic acid, and thiocyanate in blood. However, feeding animals with feed products such as sulfur-containing pellets requires, in particular, an increase in value-added feed and a convenient practical use for farmers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Cyanide-Utilizing Bacteria from Rumen and In Vitro Evaluation of Fresh Cassava Root Utilization with Pellet Containing High Sulfur Diet

Prachumchai¹,

Cherdthong²,

Wanapat³

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The current work aimed to screen the ruminal cyanide-utilizing bacteria and evaluate the influence of fresh cassava root (FCR) and pellets containing high sulfur (PELFUR) on cyanide content, kinetics of gas, in vitro degradability, and ruminal fermentation. The experiment was conducted in a Completely randomized design (CRD) for a screening of cyanide-utilizing bacteria and the dietary treatments were the level of cyanide at 0, 150, 300, and 450 ppm. A 5 × 3 factorial arrangement in a Completely randomized design was used for in vitro study. Factor A was the level of FCR at 0, 260, 350, 440, and 530 g/kg of 0.5 g dry matter (DM) substrate, and factor B was the level of PELFUR at 0, 15, and 30 g/kg DM substrate. Adding different doses of cyanide significantly affected cyanide-utilizing rumen bacterial growth (p < 0.05). Increasing the concentration of cyanide from 0 to 150 and 150 to 300 ppm, resulted in an increase in cyanide-utilizing rumen bacteria of 38.2% and 15.0%, respectively. Increasing the FCR level to more than 260 g/kg of 0.5 g substrate could increase cumulative gas production (p < 0.05), whereas increasing doses of PELFUR from 15 to 30 g/kg increased the cumulative gas production when compared with that of 0 g/kg PELFUR (p < 0.05). Cyanide concentration in rumen fluid decreased with PELFUR (p < 0.05) supplementation. Degradability of in vitro dry matter and organic matter following incubation increased at 12 and 24 h due to PELFUR supplementation with FCR and increased additionally with 15 g/kg PELFUR (p < 0.05) in 440 g/kg FCR. Proportions of the total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid (C2), propionic acid (C3), and butyric acid, as well as the ratio of C2 to C3 among supplementations with FCR (p < 0.05) were significantly different. As the proportion of FCR increased to 530 g/kg of the substrate, the volume of C3 increased by 14.6%. This is the first finding of bacteria in the rumen capable of utilizing cyanide, and cyanide might function as a nitrogen source for bacterial cell synthesis. Inclusion of FCR of 530 g/kg with 30 g/kg PELFUR could increase the cumulative gas production, the bacterial population, the in vitro degradability, the proportion of C3, and the rate of the disappearance of cyanide.

show abstract

Fresh cassava root replacing cassava chip could enhance milk production of lactating dairy cows fed diets based on high sulfur-containing pellet

Prachumchai

Cherdthong

Wanapat

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The experiment objective was to assess the shifting effect from cassava chip (CC) to fresh cassava root (FC) affected feed utilization, rumen metabolism, cyanide-using bacteria, and milk quality in lactating Thai Friesian dairy cows fed diets based on high sulfur-containing pellet (PS). Four lactating Thai Friesian dairy cows of 481.5 ± 31.3 kg BW (about 4 years old were allocated with four treatments in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The four treatments were: replacement FC for CC at 0%, 60%, 80%, and 100% dry matter (DM), respectively. Feed intakes for four diets in terms of total dry matter intake (kg/day and % BW) was linearly correlated with levels of replacement of FC (p < 0.01). Digestibilities of crude protein (CP), DM, organic matter (OM), amylase-treated neutral detergent fiber (aNDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) did not change with increasing levels of FC in the diet (p > 0.05). Moreover, the total bacterial counts and cyanide population utilizing bacteria cubically increased with an increase of FC replacement (p < 0.01). The effect of CC substitution with FC in the PS diet was cubically increased on blood thiocyanate concentrations (p < 0.01). In addition, the propionate (C3) concentration at 0 and 4 h post-feeding changed significantly among treatments (p < 0.01), which were linearly improved with an increasing dose of replacement FC and were highest when FC was replaced at 100%. The yield of 3.5% fat-corrected milk was high in the treatment with the replacement of FC as compared to the control (p < 0.01). The yield of fat and milk fat percentages was high (p < 0.01) in the group with the replacement of FC as compared to feed with no diet replaced. The milk thiocyanate concentration was cubically enhanced when levels of FC replacement increased (p < 0.01) and was the highest when FC was replaced at 100%. As the amount of FC replacement was raised, the somatic cell count in the milk decreased linearly (p < 0.01). In conclusion, the replacement of FC at 100% in PS could enhance the feed intake, microbial populations, total volatile fatty acid (VFA), C3 concentration, milk yield, and milk quality.

show abstract

Effects of Sulfur Levels in Fermented Total Mixed Ration Containing Fresh Cassava Root on Feed Utilization, Rumen Characteristics, Microbial Protein Synthesis, and Blood Metabolites in Thai Native Beef Cattle

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of Sulfur and Urea Fortification of Fresh Cassava Root in Fermented Total Mixed Ration on the Improvement Milk Quality of Tropical Lactating Cows

Effect of Sulfur and Urea Fortification of Fresh Cassava Root in Fermented Total Mixed Ration on the Improvement Milk Quality of Tropical Lactating Cows

Screening of Cyanide-Utilizing Bacteria from Rumen and In Vitro Evaluation of Fresh Cassava Root Utilization with Pellet Containing High Sulfur Diet

Fresh cassava root replacing cassava chip could enhance milk production of lactating dairy cows fed diets based on high sulfur-containing pellet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About